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1、FUNDAMENTALSOFSAMPLEDDATASYSTEMSANALOG-DIGITALCONVERSION1.DataConverterHistory2.FundamentalsofSampledDataSystems2.1CodingandQuantizing2.2SamplingTheory2.3DataConverterACErrors2.4GeneralDataConverterSpecifications2.5DefiningtheSpecifications3.DataConv
2、erterArchitectures4.DataConverterProcessTechnology5.TestingDataConverters6.InterfacingtoDataConverters7.DataConverterSupportCircuits8.DataConverterApplications9.HardwareDesignTechniquesI.IndexANALOG-DIGITALCONVERSIONFUNDAMENTALSOFSAMPLEDDATASYSTEMS2.
3、1CODINGANDQUANTIZINGCHAPTER2FUNDAMENTALSOFSAMPLEDDATASYSTEMSSECTION2.1:CODINGANDQUANTIZINGWaltKester,DanSheingold,JamesBryantAnalog-to-digitalconverters(ADCs)translateanalogquantities,whicharecharacteristicofmostphenomenainthe"realworld,"todigitallan
4、guage,usedininformationprocessing,computing,datatransmission,andcontrolsystems.Digital-to-analogconverters(DACs)areusedintransformingtransmittedorstoreddata,ortheresultsofdigitalprocessing,backto"real-world"variablesforcontrol,informationdisplay,orfu
5、rtheranalogprocessing.TherelationshipsbetweeninputsandoutputsofDACsandADCsareshowninFigure2.1.VREFMSB+FSDIGITALN-BITANALOGRANGEINPUTDACOUTPUT(SPAN)N-BITSLSB0OR–FSVREFMSB+FSANALOGN-BITDIGITALRANGEINPUTADCOUTPUT(SPAN)N-BITSLSB0OR–FSFigure2.1:Digital-to
6、-AnalogConverter(DAC)andAnalog-to-DigitalConverter(ADC)InputandOutputDefinitionsAnaloginputvariables,whatevertheirorigin,aremostfrequentlyconvertedbytransducersintovoltagesorcurrents.Theseelectricalquantitiesmayappear(1)asfastorslow"dc"continuousdire
7、ctmeasurementsofaphenomenoninthetimedomain,(2)asmodulatedacwaveforms(usingawidevarietyofmodulationtechniques),(3)orinsomecombination,withaspatialconfigurationofrelatedvariablestorepresentshaftangles.2.1ANALOG-DIGITALCONVERSIONExamplesofthefirstareout
8、putsofthermocouples,potentiometersondcreferences,andanalogcomputingcircuitry;ofthesecond,"chopped"opticalmeasurements,acstraingageorbridgeoutputs,anddigitalsignalsburiedinnoise;andofthethird,synchrosandresolvers.Theanalogvariablestobedealtwithinthisc
