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1、ACourseinGameTheoryElectronicversionofACourseinGameTheory"byMartinJ.OsborneandArielRubinstein(ISBN0-262-65040-1)Copyrightc1994MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology.Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthisbookmaybereproducedinanyformbyanyelectronicormechanicalmeans
2、(includingphotocopying,recording,orinformationstorageandretrieval)withoutpermissioninwritingfromthepublisher.ThisleismadefreelyavailablewithpermissionofMITPress.Itisforyourpersonaluseonly.Youarenotpermittedtotransferittoanyoneelse,tocopyit,toincludean
3、ypartofitinanyotherle,ortomakeitavailableonanywebsite(whetherornotpassword-protected).Version:2011-1-19.ACourseinGameTheoryMartinJ.OsborneArielRubinsteinTheMITPressCambridge,MassachusettsLondon,EnglandCopyrightc1994MassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyAl
4、lrightsreserved.Nopartofthisbookmaybereproducedinanyformbyanyelectronicormechanicalmeans(includingphotocopying,recording,orinformationstorageandretrieval)withoutpermissioninwritingfromthepublisher.Thisbookwastypesetbytheauthors,whoaregreatlyindebtedtoD
5、onaldKnuth(thecreatorofTEX),LeslieLamport(thecreatorofLATEX),andEberhardMattes(thecreatorofemTEX)forgenerouslyputtingsuperlativesoftwareinthepublicdomain.Camera-readycopywasproducedbyType2000,MillValley,California,andthebookwasprintedandboundbyTheMaple
6、-VailBookManufacturingGroup,Binghamton,NewYork.Osborne,MartinJ.Acourseingametheory/MartinJ.Osborne,ArielRubinstein.p.cm.Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.ISBN0-262-15041-7.
7、ISBN0-262-65040-1(pbk.)1.GameTheory.I.Rubinstein,Ariel.II.Title.HB144.O
8、7331994658.4'0353{dc2094-8308CIPContentsPrefacexi1Introduction11.1GameTheory11.2GamesandSolutions21.3GameTheoryandtheTheoryofCompetitiveEquilibrium31.4RationalBehavior41.5TheSteadyStateandDeductiveInterpretations51.6BoundedRationality61.7Terminologyand
9、Notation6Notes8IStrategicGames92NashEquilibrium112.1StrategicGames112.2NashEquilibrium142.3Examples152.4ExistenceofaNashEquilibrium192.5StrictlyCompetitiveGames212.6BayesianGames:StrategicGameswithImperfectInformation24Notes29viContents