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1、作用:分词在句子中具有形容词(表语、定语、补语)和副词（状语）的功能。形式：现在分词和过去分词两种。现在分词 (及物动词vt.和不及物动词vi.,以do和go为例) 主动式被动式一般式 doing beingdone完成式 havingdone havingbeendone一般式going 无完成式havinggone 无A:分词的否定式分词的否定式由“not+分词”构成Notdaringtospeak,theysaytheresilent.Heescaped,notbeingseenbyanyone.Nothavingfoundthewallet,hedar
2、ednotgohome.B:分词的时间意义现在分词的一般式表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生或几乎同时发生。Onedayhesawaboyplayingontheplayground.Seeingnobodythere,heturnedoffthelights.=Whenhesawnobodythere,heturned....Theycameintalkingandlaughing.他们谈着，笑着进来了。现在分词的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前。Havingcleanedthedesks,webeganreading.=Whenwehadcleanedthe
3、desks,webegan..Havingbeenbeatenbyhisparents,hestudiesveryhardnow.现在分词表示的动作正在进行You’dbettermaketeawithboilingwater.Chinaisadevelopingcountry.Weshouldgetusedtothechangingworld.C.现在分词的语态意义现在分词表示主动意义Theyaretalkingabouttheexcitingnews.Hefoundthegirlcoveringherfacewithherhands.Theteachercameintot
4、heclassroomfollowingthestudents.被动语态现在分词（必须是及物动词）也表示被动意义Thebuildingbeingbuiltwillbeourschoollibrary.Havingbeeninvitedbythestudents,hegavethematalkonhistory.不及物动词的过去分词没有被动意义，只有完成意义Inautumn,fallenleavescanbeseeneverywhere.(...leaveswhichhasfallen)Theylookupattherisensun.(...thesunwhichhasris
5、en)D.现在分词的作用1.作定语：分词或分词词组作定语相当于一个相当于主动语态的定语从句.单个分词作定语放在被修饰词前；分词词组作定语放在被修饰词后.ThemancomingfromBeijingisapoliceman.=ThemanwhocomesfromBeijingisapoliceman.Theworkerretiringlastweekisamodelworker.=Theworkerwhoretiredlastweekisamodelworker.Tellthechildrenplayingtherenottomakesuchnoise=Tellthechi
6、ldrenwhoareplayingtherenottomakesuchnoise.IfIcorrectsomeone,Iwilldoitwithasmuchgoodhumorandself-restraintasifIweretheonebeingcorrected.如果我去更正别人的看法，我会尽可能用幽默和自我克制的态度去做，就象是我被别人更正一样Theylivedinaroomfacingthesouth=Theylivedinaroomwhichfacesthesouth.Wecanseetherisingsun我们可以看到东升的旭日=Wecanseethesunw
7、hichisrising.注意：a.表示情感的一些动词如：surprise,astonish,amuse,excite,disappoint,puzzle,move,interest,worry,satisfy,touch,encourage,confuse混淆andsoon,用现在分词表示“令人....“Thenewsisverysurprising.Atthesightofthemovingscene,allthepeoplepresentweremovedtotears.看到这么动人的情景，所有在场的人都感动
