0199572100.Oxford.University.Press.USA.When.the.People.Speak.Deliberative.Democracy.and.Public.Consultation.Oct.2009

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1、WhenthePeopleSpeakThispageintentionallyleftblankWhenthePeopleSpeakDeliberativeDemocracyandPublicConsultationJamesS.Fishkin13GreatClarendonStreet,OxfordOX26DPOxfordUniversityPressisadepartmentoftheUniversityofOxford.ItfurtherstheUniversity’sobjectiveofexcellenceinresearch,scholarship,andeducat

2、ionbypublishingworldwideinOxfordNewYorkAucklandCapeTownDaresSalaamHongKongKarachiKualaLumpurMadridMelbourneMexicoCityNairobiNewDelhiShanghaiTaipeiTorontoWithofficesinArgentinaAustriaBrazilChileCzechRepublicFranceGreeceGuatemalaHungaryItalyJapanPolandPortugalSingaporeSouthKoreaSwitzerlandThaila

3、ndTurkeyUkraineVietnamOxfordisaregisteredtrademarkofOxfordUniversityPressintheUKandincertainothercountriesPublishedintheUnitedStatesbyOxfordUniversityPressInc.,NewYork©JamesS.Fishkin2009ThemoralrightsoftheauthorhasbeenassertedDatabaserightOxfordUniversityPress(maker)Firstpublished2009Allright

4、sreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystem,ortransmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans,withoutthepriorpermissioninwritingofOxfordUniversityPress,orasexpresslypermittedbylaw,orundertermsagreedwiththeappropriatereprographicsrightsorganization.Enquiriesconcerningreproducti

5、onoutsidethescopeoftheaboveshouldbesenttotheRightsDepartment,OxfordUniversityPress,attheaddressaboveYoumustnotcirculatethisbookinanyotherbindingorcoverandyoumustimposethesameconditiononanyacquirerBritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationDataDataavailableLibraryofCongressCataloginginPublicationDa

6、taDataavailableTypesetbySPIPublisherServices,Pondicherry,IndiaPrintedinGreatBritainonacid-freepaperbyClaysLtd.,StIvesPlcISBN978–0–19–957210–613579108642Thisbookisdedicatedtothememoryofmyparents,JosephandFannieFishkin,whomadeitallpossibleThispageintentionallyleftblankContentsAcknowledgmentsixC

7、hartsxiii1.DemocraticAspirations1Introduction1FromAthenstoAthens9Consultingthepublic13Thefilterandthemirror15Reflectingthepeopleastheyare17Deliberativeversusmassdemocracy:Anearlyskirmish18Eightmethodsofpublicconsultation212.TheTrilemmaofDemocra