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1、AFieldGuideforScienceWriters,SecondEditionDeborahBlumMaryKnudsonRobinMarantzHenig,EditorsOXFORDUNIVERSITYPRESS■■■■■AFIELDGUIDEFORSCIENCEWRITERSThispageintentionallyleftblank■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■AFieldGuideforScienceWritersSECONDEDITIONEDITEDBYDeborahB
2、lumMaryKnudsonRobinMarantzHenig120063OxfordUniversityPress,Inc.,publishesworksthatfurtherOxfordUniversity’sobjectiveofexcellenceinresearch,scholarship,andeducation.OxfordNewYorkAucklandCapeTownDaresSalaamHongKongKarachiKualaLumpurMadridMelbourneMexicoCityN
3、airobiNewDelhiShanghaiTaipeiTorontoWithofficesinArgentinaAustriaBrazilChileCzechRepublicFranceGreeceGuatemalaHungaryItalyJapanPolandPortugalSingaporeSouthKoreaSwitzerlandThailandTurkeyUkraineVietnamCopyright©2006byNationalAssociationofScienceWritersPublishe
4、dbyOxfordUniversityPress,Inc.198MadisonAvenue,NewYork,NewYork10016www.oup.comOxfordisaregisteredtrademarkofOxfordUniversityPressAllrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystem,ortransmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans,electronic
5、,mechanical,photocopying,recording,orotherwise,withoutthepriorpermissionofOxfordUniversityPress.LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationDataAFieldguideforsciencewriters:theofficialguideoftheNationalAssociationofScienceWriters/editedbyDeborahBlum,MaryKnuds
6、on,RobinMarantzHenig.—2nded.p.cm.Includesindex.ISBN-13978-0-19-517498-4;978-0-19-517499-1(pbk.)ISBN0-19-517498-4;0-19-517499-2(pbk.)1.Technicalwriting—Handbooks,manual,etc.I.Blum,Deborah.II.Knudson,Mary.III.Henig,RobinMarantz.T11.F522005070.4'495—dc2220050
7、01267987654321PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmericaonacid-freepaper■■■■■FOREWORDtimothyferrisScience,thoughyoung,hasalreadytransformedourworld,savingoverabil-lionpeoplefromstarvationandfataldisease,strikingshacklesofignoranceandsuperstitionfrommillionsmore,and
8、fuelingademocraticrevolutionthathasbroughtpoliticallibertytoathirdofhumankind.Andthat’sonlythebegin-ning.Thescientificapproachtounderstandingnatureandourplaceinit—adeceptivelysimpleprocessofsystematicallytesti
