0192804308.Oxford.University.Press.USA.The.Nun.Jul.2005

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1、’THENUNDD(–)wasbornatLangresinChampagne,thesonofamastercutlerwhowantedhimtofollowacareerintheChurch.HeattendedthebestParisschools,tookadegreeintheologyinbutturnedawayfromreligionandtriedhishandbrieflyatlawbeforedecidingtomak

2、ehiswayasatranslatorandwriter.In,hewasinvitedtoprovideaFrenchversionofEphraimChambers’sCyclopaedia().TheprojectbecametheEncyclopaedia(Encyclopédie,–),intendedtobeacompendiumofhumanknowledgeinallfieldsbutalsotheembodimentofthenew‘philosophic’spiritofint

3、ellectualenquiry.Aseditor-in-chief,DiderotbecametheimpresariooftheFrenchEnlightenment.Butideasweredangerous,andinDiderotwasimprisonedforfourmonthsforpublishingopinionsjudgedcontrarytoreligionandthepublicgood.Hebecameastarofthesalons,wherehewasknownasabrilliantc

4、onversationalist.Heinventedartcriticism,anddevisedanewformoftheatrewhichwoulddeterminetheshapeofEuropeandrama.ButinprivatehepursuedideasofstartlingorginalityintextslikeSupplementtoBougainville’sVoyage(SupplémentauVoyagedeBougainville)andD’Alembert’sDream(LeRêveded’

5、Alembert),whichforthemostpartwerenotpublisheduntilafterhisdeath.HeanticipatedDNA,Darwin,andmoderngenetics,butalsodiscussedthehumanandethicalimplicationsofbiologicalmaterialisminfic-tions––TheNun(LaReligieuse),Rameau’sNephew(LeNeveudeRameau),andJacquestheFatalist(Jac

6、queslefataliste)––whichseemmoreathomeinourcenturythaninhis.Hislife,spentamongbooks,wasuneventfulandherarelystrayedfarfromParis.In,though,hetravelledtoStPetersburgtomeethispatron,CatherineII.Buthishopesofpersuadinghertoimplementhis‘philosophic’ideasfailed,andin

7、hereturnedtoPariswherehecontinuedtalkingandwritinguntilhisdeathin.RGisLecturerinFrenchattheUniversityofLeeds.HehaspublishedwidelyonearlymodernFrenchliteratureandhascontributedtothenewcriticaleditionofVoltaire’scompleteworks.’

8、ForoveryearsOxfordWorld’sClassicshavebroughtreadersclosertotheworld’sgreatliterature.Nowwithovertitles––fromthe,-year-oldmythsofMesop