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1、BiominingD.E.Rawlings●B.D.Johnson(Eds.)BiominingWith72Figures,5inColor,and37TablesDouglasE.RawlingsD.BarrieJohnsonProfessorandHODofMicrobiologySchoolofBiologicalSciencesUniversityofStellenboschUniversityofWalesPrivateBagX1BangorLL572UWMatieland7602UnitedKingdo
2、mSouthAfricaLibraryofCongressControlNumber:2006928269ISBN-103-540-34909-XSpringer-VerlagBerlinHeidelbergNewYorkISBN-13987-3-540-34909-9Springer-VerlagBerlinHeidelbergNewYorkThisworkissubjecttocopyright.Allrightsarereserved,whetherthewholeorpartofthematerialisc
3、oncerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,reuseofillustrations,recitation,broad-casting,reproductiononmicrofilmorinanyotherway,andstorageindatabanks.DuplicationofthispublicationorpartsthereofispermittedonlyundertheprovisionsoftheGermanCopyrightLaw
4、ofSeptember9,1965,initscurrentversion,andpermissionforusemustalwaysbeobtainedfromSpringer.ViolationsareliabletoprosecutionundertheGermanCopyrightLaw.Springer-VerlagisapartofSpringerScience+BusinessMediaspringer.com©Springer-VerlagBerlinHeidelberg2007Theuseofge
5、neraldescriptivenames,registerednames,trademarks,etc.inthispublicationdoesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexemptfromtherelevantprotectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse.Editor:Dr.ChristinaEckey,HeidelbergDeskEditor
6、:AnetteLindqvist,HeidelbergProductionandTypesetting:SPiPublisherServicesCoverDesign:Design&Production,HeidelbergPrintedonacid-freepaperSPIN11497516149/3152SPi543210PrefaceBiominingisthegenerictermthatdescribestheprocessingofmetal-containingoresandconcentratesu
7、sing(micro-)biologicaltechnology.Thisisanareaofbiotechnologythathasseenconsiderablegrowthinscaleandapplicationsincethe1960s,whenitwasfirstused,inverybasicallyengi-neeredrock“dumps”torecovercopperfromoreswhichcontainedtoolittleofthemetaltobeprocessedbyconventio
8、nalsmelting.Refinementsinengineeringdesignofcommercialbiominingoperationshaveparalleledadvancesinourunderstandingofthebiologicalagentsthatdrivetheprocess,sobiominingisnowamultiface
