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1、MORALVALUEandHUMANDIVERSITYThispageintentionallyleftblankMORALVALUEandHUMANDIVERSITYRobertAudi120071OxfordUniversityPress,Inc.,publishesworksthatfurtherOxfordUniversity’sobjectiveofexcellenceinresearch,scholarship,andeducation.OxfordNewYorkAucklandCapeTownDaresSalaam
2、HongKongKarachiKualaLumpurMadridMelbourneMexicoCityNairobiNewDelhiShanghaiTaipeiTorontoWithofficesinArgentinaAustriaBrazilChileCzechRepublicFranceGreeceGuatemalaHungaryItalyJapanPolandPortugalSingaporeSouthKoreaSwitzerlandThailandTurkeyUkraineVietnamCopyright©2007byOx
3、fordUniversityPress,Inc.PublishedbyOxfordUniversityPress,Inc.198MadisonAvenue,NewYork,NewYork10016www.oup.comOxfordisaregisteredtrademarkofOxfordUniversityPressAllrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystem,ortransmitted,inanyformor
4、byanymeans,electronic,mechanical,photocopying,recording,orotherwise,withoutthepriorpermissionofOxfordUniversityPress.LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationDataAudi,Robert,1941–Moralvalueandhumandiversity/RobertAudi.p.cm.Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.I
5、SBN-13978-0-19-531294-2ISBN0-19-531294-51.Ethicalrelativism.2.Culture—Moralandethicalaspects.3.Multiculturalism—Moralandethicalaspects.4.Ethics.5.Values.I.Title.BJ37.A932007170—dc222006050325135798642PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmericaonacid-freepaperTomybrotherandsist
6、erThispageintentionallyleftblankPREFACEThepresentageismarkedbyanominoustension.Humandiversityhasneverbeensoprominent,andtheneedforco-operationamongutterlydifferentpeoplehasneverbeensourgent.Differencesinculture,education,ethnicity,reli-gion,andlifestyleseasilydividep
7、eople.Canethicsprovidestandardsofconductthatgiveeveryoneasenseofinherentworthandmakeitpossibletoresolveconflictspeacefully?Thisisahopeofmostmajorwritersinethics.Butthey,too,differamongthemselves,andtheirdisagreementshave,inmanypeople,reducedconfidencethatethicscanprovi
8、destandardswecanalluseinguidingourlivesandourrelationswithothers.Thisbookdescribesthemostinfluentialkindsofethicalviewsand,withoutne
