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1、Al-Ghaza¯lı¯’sPhilosophicalTheologyThispageintentionallyleftblankAl-Ghaza¯lı¯’sPhilosophicalTheologyFrankGriffel2009OxfordUniversityPress,Inc.,publishesworksthatfurtherOxfordUniversity’sobjectiveofexcellenceinresearch,scholarship,andeducation.OxfordNewYo
2、rkAucklandCapeTownDaresSalaamHongKongKarachiKualaLumpurMadridMelbourneMexicoCityNairobiNewDelhiShanghaiTaipeiTorontoWithofficesinArgentinaAustriaBrazilChileCzechRepublicFranceGreeceGuatemalaHungaryItalyJapanPolandPortugalSingaporeSouthKoreaSwitzerlandThai
3、landTurkeyUkraineVietnamCopyright©2009byFrankGriffelPublishedbyOxfordUniversityPress,Inc.198MadisonAvenue,NewYork,NewYork10016www.oup.comOxfordisaregisteredtrademarkofOxfordUniversityPressAllrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedina
4、retrievalsystem,ortransmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans,electronic,mechanical,photocopying,recording,orotherwise,withoutthepriorpermissionofOxfordUniversityPress.LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationDataGriffel,Frank,1965–Al-Ghazali’sphilosophicaltheolo
5、gy/FrankGriffel.p.cm.Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.ISBN978-0-19-533162-21.Ghazzali,1058–1111.2.Islamiccosmology.3.Philosophy,Islamic.I.Title.B753.G34G752009181'.5—dc222008030813987654321PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmericaonacid-freepaperperMagd
6、aLenaeTanyaLagloriadicoluichetuttomoveperl’universopenetra,erisplendeinunapartepiùemenoaltrove.—Dante,Paradiso,1.1–3ThispageintentionallyleftblankContentsTimetable,xiIntroduction,31.ALifebetweenPublicandPrivateInstruction:Al-Ghaza¯lı¯’sBiography,19TheMai
7、nSourcesforal-Ghaza¯lı¯’sBiography,21Al-Ghaza¯lı¯’sDateofBirth:Around448/1056,23Al-Ghaza¯lı¯’sEarlyYearsandHisEducation,25BecomingaFamousJuristandTheologian,31LeavingBaghdad,TravelinginSyriaandtheHijaz,andReturningtoKhorasan,40TheIdealofaSecludedLife—His
8、LastYearsinKhorasan,492.Al-Ghaza¯lı¯’sMostInfluentialStudentsandEarlyFollowers,61Abu¯Bakribnal-Arabı¯(d.543/1148),62¶Ibnal-Arabı¯’sFirstReportofHisMeeting¶withal-Ghaza¯lı¯,65Ibnal-Arabı¯’sSecondReportofHisMeeting¶withal-Gha
