quantum-leaps-for-simulation.pdf

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1、physicsworld.comQuantumfrontiers:QuantumsimulationQuantumleapsforsimulationIBloch,MPQImmanuelBlochdescribeshowrecentexperimentswithultracoldatomsarebringingusclosertorealizingRichardFeynman’sdreamofauniversalquantumsimulatorManyofthemostinterestingphenomenaincon-exceedsthen

2、umberofprotonsestimatedtoexistinImmanuelBlochisadensed-matterphysics–fromhigh-temperaturetheentirevisibleuniverse.Andofcourse,inorderphysicistatthesuperconductivitytoquantummagnetism–sharetoperformactualquantum-mechanicalcalculationsLudwigMaximilianonefrustratingcharacteris

3、tic:theyareextremelyonthissystem,wewouldalsoneedtodoarithmeti-UniversityofMunichdifficulttosimulateonacomputer.Thereasoniscaloperationsonallofthesecoefficients.Tomakeandscientificnothardtounderstand.Supposewehaveasystemmattersworse,thesizeofthememoryproblemgrowsdirectorofth

4、eMaxofNspin-1/2particles,suchaselectrons.Inordertoexponentially:addingonlyonemorespin-1/2parti-PlanckInstituteofQuantumOpticsindescribethequantumstateofthissystemonaclassi-cletotheproblemrequiresyoutodoublethesizeofNGarching,Germany,calcomputer,wewouldneedtostore2coefficien

5、tsthecomputer’smemory.e-mailimmanuel.inthecomputer’smemory.ForasmallsystemofonlyCondensed-matterphysicistshavedevelopedbloch@mpq.mpg.deN=300particles,thisequatestoamemorysizethatcleverapproximationsandnumericalmethodsthatPhysicsWorldMarch201347Quantumfrontiers:Quantumsimula

6、tionphysicsworld.comAtaglance:QuantumsimulationTheideaofquantumsimulationoriginatedina1981lecturebyRichardFeynman,inwhichhesuggestedthatsimple,controllablequantumsystemscouldbeusedtosimulatetheThorstenNaeser,MPQquantumdynamicsofproblemsthatcannotbemodelledbyaconventionalcom

7、puterUltracoldatomstrappedinopticallatticesareagoodcandidateforperformingsuchsimulations,thankstothehighdegreeofcontrolthatexperimentalistshaveoverimportantparameterssuchasthepositionoftheatomsandthegeometryofthelatticeRecentexperimentshaveobtainedhigh-resolutionimagesofato

8、mstrappedintheseopticallattices,andalsousedlaserbeamstoflipthespinsofindividualato