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1、OSPREYMen-at-A,-rllSWellington'sDutchAllies1815WELLINGTON'SDUTCHALLIES18151813:INDEPENDENCEREGAINEDNTIL1568THENETHERlANDwereruledbySpain.Btween1568and1648thesevennorthernprovincefoughtfortheirfreedom,andfinallyachievedindependenceastherepublicoftheUnitedProvinces,undertheconstitution
2、alleadershipoftheHoueofOrange.Theouthernpartremainedw1derSpanishruleandin1713wouldbecome,fordynasticreasons,aposessionoftheAusuianimperiwn.TheUnitedProvince-roughly,modernHolland-wasaproudandthrivingindependentstateforsome200years;butin1794-95itwasconqueredbyFrenchRepublicanarmies(th
3、esamefatebefallingthesouthernAustrianprovince).TheStadhouderorsovereign,PrinceWilliamVofOrange,wasdrivenintoexileinEngland.UnderFrenchdominationHollandsurvived,lmtil1806,underthenameoftheBatavianRepublic.InthatyearLouisBonaparte,Napoleon'sbrotherwas'calledtothethronebytheDutchpople'-
4、inotherwords,installedonanewlyinventedthronebyFrenchbayonetsasthecountrybecameavassalstateofFrance.However,thismemberoftheBonaparteclandisplayedanunexpecteddeterminationtogovernaanindependentsovereign,andshowedsomesympathyforthetruinteretsofhisnewsubjects.ThisearnedhimpopUlarityamngt
5、heDutchpeople,andthefuryoflusbrother.In1810NapoleonannexedhiscountryaspartofFrance,andKingLouis(totheDutch,Lodewijk)fledintoexileinillturn.MostformerDutchtroopswereincorporatedintotheFrencharmy;andforthefirsttimeintheirhitory,theDutchfelttheColonelGysbertC.R.R.vanburdenofmasmilitaryc
6、onscription.WhiletheiryoungmenlefttheirBrlenen(1711-1821).CreatedcolonelofAmsterdam'sGuardbonesinSpainandRusiaascannon-fodderforNapoleon,hiofHonourbyKingLodewijk'ContinentalSystem'ofmaritimeblockaderuinedDutchcommerce.(Louis),hecommandedthe***NationalGuardIn1813.DuringWiththedefeatof
7、theFrenchatLeipziginOctobr1813,FrenchthepopularuproarwhichwithdrawalunexpectedlyturnedintoanalmotuninterntpteclretreataccompaniedtheFrenchwithdrawalfromthecityVantowardsthebordersofFrance,andGermanywasevacuatedapartfromBrlenen,attheheadofthesomefortifiedcities.Expresionsofnationalfer
8、vourbrokeout
