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1、176OSPREY·MEN-AT-ARMSSERIESTexttryPHILIPHAYTHORNTHWAITEColourplatestryBRYANFOSTENAustrianArmyrftheNapoleonic!Mrs(I)TheAustrianArmyInhaber),andwhosecontrolevenextendedtotheappointmentofofficersbelowfieldrank.OfficerscamelargelyfromthelessernobilityandmilitaryThemostimplacableofapoleo
2、n'scontinentalfamilies,oftenaftertrainingascadetsinlineenemies,Austriamaintainedavastarmy,butoneregiments--eitherk.k.ordinarecadetsappointedbyrootedfirmlyinthe18thcentury.ItshistorymusttheHofkriegsrat,orex-propriiscadetsappointedbybeseenagainstabackgroundoftheinherenttheInhaber;they
3、normallybecamesub-lieutenantsconservatismofthemilitaryestablishment,andthewithinayear.Theminorityofthehigherparsimonyofthetreasury,whichpreventedthewide-rangingreformrequiredtoplacetheAustrianGerDlanfusilier,17go-g8;noteCasquetwitheagleplate,andguardlessshortsabrecarriedbyfusiliers.
4、(Print,afterR.vonarmyonas'modern'afootingasthoseofherOttenfeld)enerrues.AttheoutbreakoftheFrenchRevolutionaryWarsEmperorFrancisIIpresidedovertheHolyRomanEmpire,whoseterritorieswerespreadfromtheetherlandstoItalyandfromPolandtotheBalkans,encompassingsome6,500,000Germans,3,360,000Czech
5、s,2,000,000FlemingsandWal•loons,1,000,000Poles,9°0,000Croats,7°0,000Serbs,andnumeroussmallernationalities.Thisresultednotonlyinamulti-nationalarmy-theKaiserlich-kiiniglicheArmee---butalsocomplicatedcentralcommandandadministration.ThelatterwaspartlyrunbytheHofkriegsrat,amilitary•civi
6、lianbodywhich,alongwithsimilarcommittees,burdenedtheAustrianarmywithamassofunnecessaryregulationsandconflictingdirectives.IntheHungarianareasoftheEmpire,therulingparliamentorDietlargelyadoptedtheirowncourse(neverraisingLandwehr,forexample);theAustrianetherlandsandtheItalianduchiesal
7、soenjoyedadegreeofindependence,whiletheTyrolraiseditshome-defenceforcebutrestrictedrecruitingtotheregulararmy.In1804FrancisIItookthetitleEmperorofAustria,thusbecomingFrancisI,necessitatingachangeofcypherfrom'FII'to'FI'upontheaccoutrementsofthearmy.EachlineregimenthadanInhaberor'prop
8、rietor',acolonel-in
