从发展中国家iczm成功模式(中国厦门模式)看孟加拉实行iczm的前景

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1、AbstractBangladesh，facing710kmlongcoasttotheBayofBengal，whichcontainsseveralecosystemsthathaveimportantconservationvalues．Asazoneofvulnerabilitiesaswellasopportunitiesthiscoastispronetonaturaldisasterslikecyclone，stormsurge，andflood．Thisposesadauntingchallengetothesectoralcoastalma

2、nagementprograms，activesincethe1960s，aimingatsimultaneouslyupliftingpeople’Slivelihoodandamelioratingtheecosystem．Thelimitationsoftheseprogramsincludethetendencytoadoptanexclusionistapproach，anarrowlydepartmentalizedadministrationandweakmanagementsystems．ThecityofXiamenislocatedont

3、hesoutheastcoastofChina．khas64．3kmlongnaturalcoastlinewithlittlesedimentandnoice．TheIntegratedCoastalManagement(ICZM)projectinXiamen，whichstartedinthemid一1990s，iSconsideredasuccessfulexampleofICZMimplementationinChina．Ingeneral，ICZMofXiamenhasproventobeaworkableenvironmentalmanagem

4、entschemewhichhasbeenreplicatedelsewhereinChinaandinotherCOtIntries．Bangladeshislocatedinthetropicalclimatezone．ThecoastalzoneofBangladeshcoversallareaof47，201kmzthatrepresents32％ofthecountryencompassesthelandmassof19districts．About35millionpeople，representing29％ofthepopulation，liv

5、einthecoastalzone．TheGovernmentofBangladeshin1999adoptedaPolicyNoteexpressingitssupportfortheIntegratedCoastalZoneManagement(ICZM)approach．Underthedirectiveofthe1999PolicyNote，aprogramdevelopmentofficestationedattheWaterResourcesPlanningOrganization(WARPO)undertheMinistryofWaterRes

6、ources，wassetuptofacilitatetheICZMprocessin2001．TheICZMpolicyfocusesoneightobjectivestoaddressthevulnerabilitiesandopportunitiesofthecoastalareas，whereenvironmentalfriendlyindustrialactivitiesandothersustainableusagesofnaturalresourceshavebeenaddressedverycarefullyandlawfully．TheIC

7、ZMprocessesconsistofcomponentssuchascoastalzonepolicy，coastaldevelopmentstrategy，priorityinvestmentprogramansoon．7ADstractTheadoptionofthe2005CoastalZonePolicyinBangladeshWasasignificantsteptowardsimplementingICZM．TheadoptionofthePolicylaidthefoundationforthemanagementinfrastructur

8、eonwhichabettercoastalmana