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1、Sthaboutphonetics.关于语音的几个概念• 1)字母:语言的书写形式。元音字母a,e,i(y),o,u,• 2)音标:词的语音形式。• 3)音素:音的最小的单位。英语中有48音素。• 4)音节:由元音和辅音构成的发音单位。ap'ple,stu'dent,tea'cher,un'der'stand• 5)元音:发音响亮,是乐音;口腔中气流不收阻碍;是构成音节的主要音。英语中有20元音。• 6)辅音:发音不响亮,是噪音;口腔中气流受到阻碍;不是构成音节的主要音。英语中有28辅音
2、。• 7)开音节:a)辅音+元音+辅音+enamebike;b)辅音+元音he,go,hi• 8)闭音节:a)辅音+元音+辅音bad,bed,sit,hot,cup;b)元音+辅音it• 9)重读音节:单词中发音特别响亮的音节。元音:(20)• 1)[i:]sea,he,see,piece,ceiling• 2)[i]sit,build,miss,myth • 3)[e]bed,desk,head, • 4)[æ]bad,land,bank,stamp • 5
3、)[a:]car,fast,class,plant,calm,aunt • 6)[ɔ]hot,want • 7)[ɔ:]door,more,sport,ball,warm,author,court,bought,caught • 8)[u:]good,who,blue,soup, • 9)[u]look,put,women,could • 10)[Λ]cup,come,blood,rough • 11)[ә:]girl,work,serve,nurse • 12)[ә]ca
4、dre,ago,forget,polite,dollar,doctor,famous,Saturday • 13)[ei]cake,they,play,eight,great, • 14)[ai]bike,die,neither,light,try,find,height,eye • 15)[әu]phone,cold,boat,soul,grow • 16)[au]house,town • 17)[ɔi]boy,oil • 18)[iә]dear,idea,deer,here,fier
5、ce, • 19)[εә]pear,care,there,fair • 20)[uә]tour,poor,辅音(28)l 1)[p]pen, l 2)[b]bed,comb l 3)[t]tell, l 4)[d],day,played,wanted l 5)[k]cold,sky,quick,school,back,accept,box l 6)[g]big,go,guess,language l 7)[m]man l 8)[n]nine,knife,autum
6、n l 9)[η]bank,uncle,English,sing, l 10)[l]land,world l 11)[r]read,write, l 12)[f]five,cough,laugh l 13)[v]voice,of l 14)[θ]think, l 15)[ð]this,bathe l 16)[s]sit,miss,science,case,scarf l 17)[z]zoo,close, l 18)[∫]sure,she,social,nation l
7、 19)[/]pleasure, l 20)[h]hot,who,hour l 21)[w]wall,whatl 22)[j]yes l 23)[t∫]child,teach,catch l 24)[d/]joke,bridge, l 25)[ts]boats l 26)[dz]goods l 27)[tr]tree l 28)[dr]dream一、音节:音节是读音的基本单位,任何单词的读音,都是分解为一个个音节朗读。在英语中元音特别响亮,一个