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1、CopyrightCMunksgaard2001Traf®c2001;2:789±796MunksgaardInternationalPublishersISSN1398-9219ReviewFluorescenceCorrelationSpectroscopyMeasuresMolecularTransportinCellsElliotL.Elsonlowconcentrationinthecytoplasm,measuretransportwithinverysmallandpreciselylo
2、catedcellularregions,characterizeDepartmentofBiochemistryandMolecularBiophysics,bothfastandslowprocesses,anddistinguishbetweenactiveWashingtonUniversitySchoolofMedicine,St.Louis,transportanddiffusion.Fluorescencecorrelationspec-MO63110,USA,elson@biochem
3、.wustl.edutroscopy(FCS)hasallthesecapabilitiesplusanumberofothersthatmakeitvaluableforstudyingthedynamicsofmolecularprocesseswithincells.Althoughthebasicprin-Fluorescencecorrelationspectroscopy(FCS)canciplesunderlyingFCSmeasurementsaresimple,theexperi-m
4、easuredynamicsof¯uorescentmoleculesincells.FCSmeasuresthe¯uctuationsinthenumberof¯uor-mentalimplementationandinterpretationofdatacanbeescentmoleculesinasmallvolumeilluminatedbyacomplexandsubtle.thinbeamofexcitationlight.These¯uctuationsareprocessedstati
5、sticallytoyieldanautocorrelationfunc-FCSisoneofafamilyofmethods,includingalsodynamictionfromwhichratesofdiffusion,convection,chemi-lightscattering(DLS)andsingleparticletracking(SPT),calreaction,andotherprocessescanbeextracted.Thethatyieldratesofdiffusio
6、nandactivetransportfrommeas-advantagesofthisapproachincludetheabilitytourementsofspontaneousthermallydrivenmicroscopicmeasurethemobilityofaverysmallnumberofmol-¯uctuationsinthepositionsofmoleculesorintheirlocalecules,evendowntothesinglemoleculelevel,ove
7、raconcentration.Infavorablecases,e.g.whenthereactionwiderangeofratesinverysmallregionsofacell.Inadditiontoratesofdiffusionandconvection,FCSalsocausesa¯uorescencechange,FCScanalsomeasureprovidesuniqueinformationaboutthelocalconcen-chemicalkinetics.Typica
8、llythesemeasurementsarecarriedtration,statesofaggregationandmolecularinterac-outwithoutusingexternalperturbationsonsystemsinationusing¯uctuationamplitudeandcross-correlationstatethatcouldbeeitherequilibriumor,forcellmeasure-metho
