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1、第二章供应链管理和第三方物流内容ß2.1供应链和供应链管理ß2.2“长鞭效应”ß2.3外包和第三方服务ß2.4第三方物流服务在中国2王晓东,胡瑞娟2.1供应链和供应链管理CustomerwantsP&GorotherJewelorthirdJeweldetergentandgoesmanufacturerpartyDCSupermarkettoJewelChemicalPlasticTennecomanufacturerProducerPackaging(e.g.OilCompany)ChemicalPaperTimbe
2、rmanufacturerManufacturerIndustry(e.g.OilCompany)3王晓东,胡瑞娟什么是供应链?ßAsupplychainconsistsofallstages(organizations)involved,directlyorindirectly,infulfillingacustomerrequest.ßWithineachorganization,itincludesallfunctionsinvolvedinfillingacustomerrequest.ßAsupplychain
3、isdynamicandinvolvestheconstantflowofinformation,product,andfundsbetweendifferentstages.4王晓东,胡瑞娟定义“供应链包括所有与最终产品或服务的生产和运送相关的活动,从供应商的供应商到顾客的顾客。”Thesupplychain——atermnowcommonlyusedinternationally——encompasseseveryeffortinvolvedinproducinganddeliveringafinalproducto
4、rservice,fromthesupplier'ssuppliertothecustomer'scustomer(TheSupplyChainCouncil)5王晓东,胡瑞娟供应链/供应链网络供应商专用集成电路美国DC分销商顾客供应商PC板装配线欧洲DC分销商顾客供应商零配件供应商远东DC分销商顾客打印机供应链网络Reverselogistics:Recover;第1层第k-4层第k-3层第k-2层第n层Recycling;供应商核心企业分销商零售商顾客reuse6王晓东,胡瑞娟供应链管理ß供应链管理是传统企业各部门之
5、间,特定企业不同部门之间,供应链上各企业之间的系统的、具有战略意义的协调活动,其目的是改善个别企业,以及整个供应链各环节长期的经营绩效(美国物流协会)SupplyChainManagementisthesystemic,strategiccoordinationofthetraditionalbusinessfunctionsandthetacticsacrossthesebusinessfunctionswithinaparticularcompanyandacrossbusinesseswithinthesupply
6、chainforthepurposesofimprovingthelong-termperformanceoftheindividualcompaniesandthesupplychainasawhole.7王晓东,胡瑞娟供应链管理定义(2)全球供应链论坛(TheSupplyChainForum)的成员于1994年提出并于1998年修订的定义为:“供应链管理是对从最终用户到最初供应商的所有为客户及其他利益相关人提供价值增值的产品/服务和信息的关键业务流程的一体化管理”Theintegrationofkeybusiness
7、processesfromenduserthroughoriginalsuppliers,thatprovidesproducts,services,andinformationthataddvalueforcustomersandotherstakeholders.8王晓东,胡瑞娟供应链管理的特点1.SCMisasystemsapproachtoviewthesupplychainasawhole,andtomanagingthetotalflowofgoodsinventoryfromthesuppliertothe
8、ultimatecustomer.2.Itisacustomerfocustocreateuniqueandindividualizedsourcesofcustomervalue,leadingtocustomersatisfaction.3.Itisastrategicorientationtowardcoope