甘肃民勤治沙站纵纹腹小鸮食性的季节变化[1]

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1、动物学报53(6):953-958,2007ActaZoologicaSinica3甘肃民勤治沙站纵纹腹小食性的季节变化112133赵伟宋森邵明勤刘发1.兰州大学生命科学学院7300002.江西师范大学生物系330022摘要分析民勤治沙站纵纹腹小(Athenenoctua)食团405块,共鉴定猎物562只。以个体计,民勤小主要取食昆虫,占64123%;其次为小型哺乳类,占32138%;也取食少量爬行类(1196%)和雀形目鸟类(1142%)。生物量贡献则以小型哺乳类为主,占93134%。猎物种类组成存在显著的季节变异:取食小型哺乳类的频率

2、存在显著季节差异,冬季最高94159%,夏季最低17175%,食物生物量贡献四季均在90%以上,季节变异不显著;昆虫成分出现在除冬季外的其他季节,且取食频率均在65%以上,季节差异显著;爬行类仅出现于夏季食谱中,仅秋季没有发现鸟类成分。分析秋、冬、春三季哺乳类猎物胫骨的量度发现,小取食哺乳类的胫骨长度平均为16122mm±4172mm(n=112),主要取食Ⅰ(10101mm-15100mm)和Ⅱ(15101mm-20100mm)等级的猎物(分别58104%和25100%)。取食猎物的胫骨长度组成存在季节差异,平均长度以春季最大。民勤地区

3、小一年的食物生态位宽度为2132,季节间存在变异,以冬季最高为2199,夏季最低为1164。一年的食物多样性为1196,季节间存在变异,冬季最高为2100。食物种类以夏季最多,秋季最少[动物学报53(6):953-958,2007]。关键词纵纹腹小食性食物生态位季节变化食物大小荒漠SeasonalvariationindietsofthelittleowlAthenenoctuainMinqin3DesertExperimentalStation,Gansu112133ZHAOWei,SONGSen,SHAOMing2Qin,LIUNai

4、2Fa1.SchoolofLifeScience,LanzhouUniversity,Lanzhou730000,China2.CollegeofLifeScience,JiangxiNormalUniversity,Nanchang330022,ChinaAbstractPelletsofthelittleowlAthenenoctuawerecollectedfromtheMinqinDesertExperimentalStationtoanalyzeitsdiet.Atotalof562preyindividualswereiden

5、tifiedfrom405pellets.Littleowlfedmainlyonbeetles(64123%)andmammals(32138%).Musmusculuswasthemostcommonspeciesofthemammalianprey,whichconstituted22%ofthetotalprey.Basedonbiomass,littleowlfedmainlyonmammals(93134%).ThemostimportantpreybasedonbiomasswereRhombomysopimus,Merio

6、nesmeridianus,Cricetulusbarabensis,andMusmusculus.Seasonalvariationwasfoundinthedietoflittleowl.Littleowlfedmainlyonbeetlesinspring(65193%)summer(77147%)andautumn(71115%),whileinwinterlittleowlfedmainlyonmammals(94159%).Reptileswereonlyfoundinthesummerdietandnobirdswerefo

7、undinautumndietoflittleowl.Themeanlengthofthelefttibiaofmammalianpreywas16122mm±4172mm(n=112).Littleowlmainlypredatedonmammalswithtibialengthof10101-15100mmand15101-20100mm,thetibiaclasscomprised58104%and25100%,respectively.Foodnichebreadthofthelittleowlofthelittleowlwas2

8、132,whichrangedfrom1164insummerto2199inwinter.Thefooddiversitythelittleowlwas1196,whichrangedfro