控释肥对夏玉米产量和氮素积累与分配的影响

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1、作物学报ACTAAGRONOMICASINICA2010,36(10):17601768http://www.chinacrops.org/zwxb/ISSN0496-3490;CODENTSHPA9E-mail:xbzw@chinajournal.net.cnDOI:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2010.01760控释肥对夏玉米产量和氮素积累与分配的影响*赵斌董树亭张吉旺刘鹏山东农业大学农学院/作物生物学国家重点实验室,山东泰安271018摘要:在大田条件下研究树脂包膜控释肥(CRF)和硫包膜控释肥(SCF)对夏玉米花后光合产物和氮素积累与分配及产量的影响。结果表明,花后控释

2、肥处理的光合速率始终较高,在相同施肥量(N、P、K量相同)情况下,控释肥CRF22(1428kghm)和SCF(1668kghm)及其减量25%处理的单株干物质和氮素积累量都显著高于等量普通复合肥(CCF,21260kghm)处理;控释肥减量25%时,干物质向籽粒中的分配比例显著高于CCF处理;成熟期籽粒的氮素积累,控释肥处理都显著高于CCF处理,并随着控释肥比例的增加而增加,全量与减量25%的处理无显著差异。控释肥能显著提高玉米产量,等量控释肥增产13.15%和14.15%;控释肥减量25%时,分别比CCF增产9.69%和10.04%;其氮肥利用率和农学效率也均显著高于普通肥处理

3、。关键词:夏玉米;控释肥;干物质积累与分配;氮素积累与分配;产量EffectsofControlled-ReleaseFertilizeronYieldandNitrogenAccumulationandDistributioninSummerMaizeZHAOBin,DONGShu-Ting,ZHANGJi-Wang,andLIUPengStateKeyLaboratoryofCropBiology/CollegeofAgronomy,ShandongAgriculturalUniversity,Tai’an271018,ChinaAbstract:Thefieldexperimen

4、twasconductedtoinvestigatetheeffectsofcontrolled-releasefertilizers(includingonekindoffertilizerenvelopedbycolophony,CRF,andtheotherkindoffertilizerenvelopedbysulfur,SCF)onaccumulationanddistribu-tionofphotosynthateandnitrogenaswellasyieldafteranthesisofsummermaize.Resultsindicatedthatphotosynthe

5、ticrateofthetreatmentswithcontrolled-releasefertilizersCRFandSCFkeptinahigherlevelafteranthesis.Underthesameapplication11ratesofN,P,andK,applyingCRF(1428kgha)andSCF(1668kgha)increasedtheaccumulationofdrymatterandnitrogen1perplantsignificantlycomparedwithapplyingthecommoncompoundfertilizer(CCF,

6、1260kgha).WhentheappliedamountsoftheCRFandSCFweredecreasedby25%,theincrementwasalsosignificant,andthedistributionproportionofthedrymatterfromplanttoseedswassignificantlyhigherthanthatofapplyingCCF.TheaccumulationofthenitrogeninseedsoftheCRFandSCFtreatmentswassignificantlyhigherthanthatofCCFtreatm

7、entatmaturitystage,andwasincreasedwithincreasingappliedproportionoffertilizer,buttherewasnosignificantdifferencebetweentreatmentsofCRF,SCFand25%ofCRFandSCF.Ap-plingCRFandSCFincreasedthemaizegrainyieldby13.15%and14.15%r