gps supported aerial triangulation using untargeted ground controlnew

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1、GPSSUPPORTEDAERIALTRIANGULATIONUSINGUNTARGETEDGROUNDCONTROLMirjamBilker,EijaHonkavaara,JuhaJaakkolaFinnishGeodeticInstituteGeodeetinrinne2FIN-02430MasalaFinlandMirjam.Bilker@fgi.fi,Eija.Honkavaara@fgi.fiandJuha.Jaakkola@fgi.fiCommissionIII,WorkingGroupIII/1KEYWORDS:GPS,A

2、erialtriangulation,Blockadjustment,GroundcontrolaccuracyABSTRACTDefiningtheorientationsofimageshasalwaysbeenasignificantexpenseinmappingprojects.MeasuringthepositionsofthecameraduringtheflightwithGPScanreducethecosts,becauselessgroundcontrolisnecessarytoperformtheaerialt

3、riangulation.Theuseofuntargetedinsteadoftargetedgroundcontrolcouldreducethecostsevenmore.InvestigatedistheaccuracyofGPSsupportedaerialtriangulationofconventionalimageblocks.BycalculationswithsimulatedimageblocksandrealtestblockstheinfluenceoftheGPSaccuracyandtheaccuracya

4、ndamountofgroundcontrolontheresultingblockaccuracyareinvestigated.TheempiricaltestsshowthattheGPSsolutionsarenotyetfullyreliableinthiscase,butwhendriftparametersfortheGPSareestimatedperstripduringtheaerialtriangulation,theresultsaregood.Simulationsshowthattheamountandacc

5、uracyofgroundcontrolcanbereducedconsiderablyinGPSsupportedaerialtriangulationtogetthesameresultsasinaerialtriangulationwithoutGPSsupport.WithlittlegroundcontroltheresultsareevenimprovedwhentheaccuracyoftheGPSsupportisbad.Simulatedandempiricalcasesshowthatwith4accurategro

6、undcontrolpointstheresultsarebetterthaninthetraditionalcasewithmoregroundcontrolandnoGPS.Untargetedgroundcontrolprovedtogiveacceptableresults.Theresultswith4roadcrossingsascontrolpointswerecomparablewithresultscalculatedwith4targetedcontrolpoints.Ditchcrossingsgaveinthis

7、casenoacceptableresults.1.INTRODUCTIONThisinvestigationispartoftheongoingresearchprojectORIENTATIONattheFinnishGeodeticInstitute,whichThewidespreaduseofgeographicalinformationsystemshasconcernsorientationofaerialandsatelliteimagesformediumgeneratedaneedfortheproductionof

8、mediumandsmallscaleandsmallscaletopographicmapping.topographicdata.Potentialinformationsourcesaresmalls