弱光亚适温和低温对黄瓜气孔特性及叶绿体超微结构的影响

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1、中国农业科学2006,39(10):2063-2068ScientiaAgriculturaSinica弱光亚适温和低温对黄瓜气孔特性及叶绿体超微结构的影响1121艾希珍，王秀峰，郭延奎，邢禹贤12（山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院，泰安271018；山东农业大学生命科学学院，泰安271018）摘要：【目的】探讨弱光下较长时间亚适温和较短时间低温对黄瓜叶片光合机构的影响机理的差异。【方法】采用光照培养箱模拟两种逆境条件处理黄瓜幼苗，研究其对黄瓜气孔特性及叶绿体超微结构的影响。【结果】7d弱光亚适温处理（Ⅰ）后，黄瓜叶片

2、的Gs和Ci降低；3d弱光低温处理（Ⅱ）的Gs明显降低，而Ci升高。条件改善后，前者的Gs和Ci均上升；而后者的Gs增加，Ci降低。处理后当天测定，7d弱光亚适温处理叶片的气孔多数处于关闭状态，而3d弱光低温处理的气孔开张比和开张度显著大于CK。【结论】较长时间弱光亚适温处理条件下Pn的降低与气孔开度减小有关；而较短时间的弱光低温处理时Pn降低的主要原因是叶肉因素。7d弱光亚适温处理后淀粉粒数明显减少，而3d弱光低温处理黄瓜幼苗的生长过程基本停止，物质运输严重受阻。关键词：黄瓜；弱光；亚适温；低温；气孔；超微结构Ef

3、fectsofSuboptimalTemperatureandLowTemperatureunderLowLightIntensityonStomatalCharacteristicsandChloroplastUltrastructureofCucumberSeedlings1121AIXi-zhen,WANGXiu-feng,GUOYan-kui,XINGYu-xian1(HorticultureScienceandEngineeringCollege,ShandongAgriculturalUniversity

4、,Taian271018;2LifeSciencesCollege,ShandongAagriculturalUniversity,Taian271018)Abstract:【Objective】Thestudyresearchedinfluencingmechanismdifferencesbetweensuboptimalandlowtemperaturesfordifferenttimesunderlowlightintensityonthecucumberleavephotosyntheticapparatu

5、s.【Method】Theseedlingsweretreatedseparatelyunderadverseconditionsingrowthchambers,andtheeffectofsuboptimaltemperaturefor7d(Ⅰ)andlowtemperaturefor3d(Ⅱ)underlowlightintensityonstomatalcharacteristicsandchloroplastultrastructureofcucumberleaveswerestudied.【Result】

6、Thestomatalconductance(Gs)andIntercellularCO2concentration(Ci)oftreatmentⅠdecreased.TheGsoftreatmentⅡreducedremarkably,whiletheCiraised.Whentheconditionimproved,theGsandCioftreatmentⅠascended.TheGsoftreatmentⅡincreasd,butCidecreased.MoststomataoftreatmentⅠwerec

7、losed,andthestomatalapertureclearlydiminished.ButthatoftreatmentⅡshowedamarkedincreaseoverCK.【Conclusion】ItsuggestedthatthedecreaseinPnoftreatmentⅠwascloselyrelatedwiththereductioninsizeofthestomatalaperture,whilethatofⅡwasmainlycausedbyfactorsofCO2assimilation

8、.ThenumberandsizeofstarchgrainsintreatmentⅠdecreasedremarkably,butlittlechangeswasobservedintreatmentⅡ.ItindicatedthatthecarbohydrateoftreatmentⅠreducedandthemattertransport