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1、应用生态学报2009年6月第20卷第6期ChineseJournalofAppliedEcology,Jun.2009,20(6):1355-1361不同耕作方式对旱作冬小麦旗叶衰老和3籽粒产量的影响111332233黄明吴金芝李友军姚宇卿张灿军蔡典雄金轲123(河南科技大学农学院,河南洛阳471003;洛阳市农业科学研究院,河南洛阳471022;中国农业科学院,北京100081)摘要在旱作条件下研究了一次深翻、免耕、深松和传统耕作4种耕作方式对冬小麦花后旗叶衰老、小麦籽粒产量及土壤水分和养分状况的影响.结果表明:免耕和深松提高了小麦旗·-叶SOD和POD活性
2、及可溶性蛋白和叶绿素含量,降低了MDA和O2含量,延缓了小麦叶片的衰老进程;同时,免耕、深松在开花期和灌浆期0～40cm土层土壤水分含量分别比传统耕作提高了4113%、6123%和5150%、9127%,土壤碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾含量均显著高于传统耕作.一次深翻0～40cm土层土壤水分含量低于传统耕作,土壤养分含量高于传统耕作,但两处理间差异不显著.与传统耕作相比,免耕和深松花后干物质生产量分别提高4134%和4176%,花后干物质转运率分别提高15156%和13151%,产量分别提高10122%和9126%.免耕和深松为冬小麦花后生长发育提供了良好的环境,延
3、缓了小麦叶片衰老,促进了花后干物质积累及干物质向籽粒的转运,从而使籽粒产量显著提高,是旱作麦区适宜的耕作方式.关键词耕作方式冬小麦衰老籽粒产量文章编号1001-9332(2009)06-1355-07中图分类号S15217,S51217文献标识码AEffectsoftillagepatternontheflagleafsenescenceandgrainyieldofwinterwheatunder11122dryfarming1HUANGMing,WUJin2zhi,LIYou2jun,YAOYu2qing,ZHANGCan2jun,331CAIDian2x
4、iong,JINKe(CollegeofAgriculture,HenanUniversityofScienceandTechnology,2Luoyang471003,Henan,China;LuoyangAcademyofAgriculturalSciences,Luoyang471022,3Henan,China;ChineseAcademyofAgriculturalSciences,Beijing100081,China).2Chin.J.Appl.Ecol.,2009,20(6):1355-1361.Abstract:Afieldexperimen
5、twasconductedtostudytheeffectsofdifferenttillagepatterns,i.e.,deepplowingonce,no2tillage,subsoiling,andconventionaltillage,ontheflagleafsenescenceandgrainyieldofwinterwheat,aswellasthesoilmoistureandnutrientstatusunderdryfarming.No2tillageandsubsoilingincreasedtheSODandPODactivities
6、andthechlorophyllandsolubleprotein·-contents,decreasedtheMDAandO2contents,andpostponedthesenescenceofflagleaf.Undernon2tillageandsubsoiling,themoisturecontentin0-40cmsoillayeratanthesisandgrain2fillingstageswasdecreasedby4113%and6123%andby5150%and9127%,respectively,andthecontentsofa
7、lkali2hydrolysableN,availableP,andavailableKinthissoillayeralsoincreasedsig2nificantly,comparedwiththoseunderconventionaltillage.Deepplowingoncedecreasedthemois2turecontentandincreasedthenutrientscontentsin0-40cmsoillayer,butthedecrementandin2crementwerenotsignificant.Thepost2anthes
8、isbiomass,post2anth
