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1、云南植物研究2006,28(4):371～377ActaBotanicaYunnanica独叶草的不育雄蕊、花被片和可育雄蕊对传粉X昆虫和传粉的影响XX贺海霞,张小玲,任 毅(陕西师范大学生命科学学院,教育部药用植物资源与天然药物化学重点实验室,陕西西安 710062)摘要:为确定独叶草(Kingdoniauniflora)不育雄蕊、花被片和可育雄蕊对传粉昆虫和传粉的影响,分别进行去除不育雄蕊(A组),去除花被片(B组),去除可育雄蕊(C组)和对照组(D组)处理。结果表明:昆虫访花频率分别为A组0
2、14次Ph、B组0次Ph、C组019次Ph、D组212次Ph;被授粉花朵百分比分别为A组29109%、B组40138%、C组70191%、D组91167%;被授粉心皮百分比分别为A组17177%、B组20194%、C组为40158%、D组为75127%。与对照组相比,处理后被授粉花朵百分比、被授粉心皮百分比下降幅度均为A组>B组>C组。结合昆虫访花频率与不育雄蕊蜜汁的分泌量呈正比,可确定不育雄蕊产生的蜜汁是吸引昆虫访花的最主要因素。花被片为昆虫取食提供停歇的平台,可育雄蕊与花被片产生的色差及可育雄
3、蕊提供的花粉,是吸引昆虫的辅助因素。关键词:独叶草;花被片;不育雄蕊;可育雄蕊;传粉;昆虫;影响中图分类号:Q944,Q948112文献标识码:A文章编号:0253-2700(2006)04-371-07FloralVariationinTepals,SterileandFertileStamensofKingdoniauniflora(Ranunculaceae)withReferencetoPollinatorsandPollination33HEHai2Xia,ZHANGXiao2Ling,
4、RENYi(CollegeofLifeSciences,KeyLaboratoryofMedicinalPlantResourceandNaturalPharmaceuticalChemistryofMinistryofEducation,ShaanxiNormalUniversity,Xi’an710062,China)Abstract:TounderstandtheinfluenceofdifferentfloralorgansofKingdoniaunifloratothepollinato
5、rsandpollination,wedividedtheflowersintofourgroups,A,withthesterilestamensremoved,B,withthetepalsremoved,C,withthefertilestamensremovedandD,withouttheremoveofanyorgan.Theresultsshowedthattheinsectsvisitingfrequencywere014timePhingroupA,0timePhingroupB
6、,019timePhingroupCand212timePhingroupD.Thepercentageofpollinatedflowerswas29109%ingroupA,40138%ingroupB,70191%ingroupCand91167%ingroupD.Thepercentageofpollinatedcarpelswas17177%ingroupA,20194%ingroupB,40158%ingroupCand75127%ingroupDrespective2ly.There
7、lationshipsbetweentheinsectvisitingfrequencyandthenectarialsecretionofthesterilestamenswereobservedinthefield.TocomparewithgroupD,thedecreaseoftherateofpollinatedflowerandthecarpelwasgroupA>groupB>groupC.Tocombinetheobservationoftherelationshipsbetwee
8、nthenectarialsecretionofthesterilestamensandtheinsectvisitingfrequency,weconsideredthatthesterilestamenswithnectarastherewardofthevisitinginsectsplaythemostim2portantruleforthepollinatorsandpollination.However,thetepalsthatcouldaffordtheplatfo
