清凉峰自然保护区华南梅花鹿种群数量与分布研究

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1、浙江林学院硕士学位论文清凉峰自然保护区华南梅花鹿种群数量与分布研究姓名：于江傲申请学位级别：硕士专业：森林保护学指导教师：周圻;鲁庆彬20080601摘要梅花鹿(Cervusnippon)历史上共有13个亚种，在我国的野生种群现只有四川亚种(Cervusnipponsinchuanicus)和华南亚种(Cervusnipponkopschi)幸存。华南梅花鹿目前主要有两个种群：一部分生活在浙江临安市境内的清凉峰自然保护区及其与安徽宁国市万家乡交界区域，另一部分生活在江西东北部的彭泽桃红岭自然保护区。本研究采用雪地足迹计数法(snowt

2、rackcounting)和样带法(stripsampling)，结合实体、粪迹和食痕观察(observationofindividual，fecesandevidenceoffeedingonplant)等方法，研究浙江清凉峰国家级自然保护区内的华南梅花鹿种群数量和分布。结果表明，在约64l锄2的华南梅花鹿保护区范围内，华南梅花鹿种群平均密度为1．86头／km2，种群数量119头(84．154头)。华南梅花鹿主要分布在保护区内的马啸、千倾塘、大平溪、道场坪和螺狮尖等小区连成的一个斜长地带，该生境多为沟谷坡地、草甸和灌丛，草本和灌木类

3、食物较丰富。研究揭示，清凉峰华南梅花鹿的生境主要有灌木林、荒草地和乔木林，喜栖生境是灌木林；栖息地海拔为775．1305m，有77．3％的种群分布在海拔800．1200m的范围。关键词：华南梅花鹿(Cervusnipponkopschi)，种群数量与分布，清凉峰自然保护区，雪地足迹计数法。清凉峰华南梅花鹿种群数量与分布研究ABSTRACTTherewere13subspeciesofCervusnipponintheworld，butonlyCervusnipponsinchuanicusandCervusnipponkopschia

4、resurvivedaswildspeciesinChina．Presently,therearetwopopulationsofC．n．kopsch‘mainlydistributedintwoarea：someliveintheareawhichmarchwithQingliangfengNationalNatureReserve(Lin’an,Zhejiangprovince)andWanjiavillage(Ningguo，Anhuiprovince)；theotherliveinTaohonglingNationalNatu

5、reReserve，thenortheastofJiangxiprovince．ThepopulationsizeanddistributionofC以．kopschiinQingliangfengNationalNatureReserveareinvegigatedbythemethodsof“snowtrackcounting'’，‘‘stripsampling”，‘‘observationofindividualandfeces’’and‘'evidenceoffeedingonplant'’Thestudyshowsthatt

6、heaveragedensityofCn．kopschipopulationinthereserveis1．86／km2，andtheamountis19(therange84·154)．ThestudyalsopointsoutthatC绝kopschimostlydistributeinalongandnarrowarea,whichcomposesofMarian，Qianqingtang,Dapingxi，DaoehangpingandLuoshijian．Thehabitatofthisareaisfullofvalleys

7、，slopingfield，meadowandboscage．ThestudyrevealsthatthemainhabitatofCn．kopschiisthefieldfullofshrub，grassandarbor,andthemostfavoritehabitatisshrubbery．ThealtituderangeofhabitatofC见kopschipopulationinthereserveisfrom775mto1305m，and77．3％ofthepopulationlivebeyond800mto1200ma

8、ltitude．Keywords：SouthChinaSikaDeer(Cervusnipponkopschi)，Populationsizeanddistribution,QingliangfengNatureRese