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1、语法：连词Linkwords连词是虚词，不能在句中单独担任成分，只起连接作用。按其用法，连词可分为两大类：并列连词(CoordinateConjunctions)和从属连词(SubordinateConjunctions)。一．并列连词：连接具有并列关系的词、短语或句子。1.并列关系：and,notonly…butalso…,both…and…,neither…nor…IusedtoliveinParisandLondon.BothJaneandJimareinterestedinfishing.Theweatherhereisneithertoocoldnortooho
2、t.Sheisnotonlykindbutalsohonest.2.转折关系：but,yet,while(然而),when(然而，偏偏)Thecarisveryoldbutitrunsveryfast.Theproblemwasalittlehard,yetIwasabletoworkitout.ThewinterinBeijingisverycoldwhilethatofKunmingiswarm.Whydidyouborrowthebookwhenyouhadone?3.选择关系：or,not…but…,either…or…,Wouldyouliketoliveorw
3、ouldyouliketostay?Heisnotateacherbutawriter.YoucancomeeitheronSaturdayoronSunday.4.因果关系：forItmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswetnow.Theleavesofthetreesarefalling,forit’salreadyautumn.5.区别（1）and和or1)并列结构中，or通常用于否定句，and用于肯定句。2)但有时and也可用于否定句。请注意其不同特点：Thereisnoairorwaterinthemoon.Therei
4、snoairandnowateronthemoon.在否定中并列结构用or连接，但含有两个否定词的句子实际被看作是肯定结构，因此要用and。典型例题---Idon’tlikechicken___fish. ---Idon’tlikechicken,___Ilikefishverymuch.A.and；and B.and；but C.or；but D.or；and答案C。否定句中表并列用or,but表转折。判断改错：(错)Wewilldiewithoutairandwater.(错)Wecan’tlivewithoutairorwater.(对)Wewilldiewitho
5、utairorwater.(对)Wecan’tlivewithoutairandwater.(2)表示选择的并列结构1)or 意思为"否则"。Imustworkhard,orI’llfailintheexam.2)either…or 意思为"或者……或者……"。注意谓语动词采用就近原则。EitheryouorIamright.(3)表示转折或对比1)but表示转折，while表示对比。Somepeoplelovecats,whileothershatethem.典型例题 ---Wouldyouliketocometodinnertonight? ---I’dliketo,
6、___I’mtoobusy.A.and B.so C.as D.but 答案D。but与前面形成转折，符合语意。而表并列的and，结果的so，原因的as都不符合句意。2)not…but…意思为"不是……而是……"not和but后面的用词要遵循一致原则。Theywerenotthebonesofananimal,but(thebones)ofahumanbeing.(4)表原因关系1)for判断改错：(错)Forheisill,heisabsenttoday.(对)Heisabsenttoday,forheisill.for是并列连词，不能置于含两个并列分句的句子的句首，
7、只能将其放在两个分句中间。2)so,thereforeHehurthisleg,sohecouldn’tplayinthegame.注意：a.两个并列连词不能连用，但therefore,then,yet.可以和并列连词连用。YoucanwatchTV,and/oryoucangotobed.Hehurthisleg,andso/andthereforehecouldn’tplayinthegame.b.although…yet…，但although不与but连用。(错) Althoughhewasweak,buthetried
