simulation lab仿真实验室

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1、Monte-CarloSimulationsinJavaWrittenbyRichardFlintandJudyWaltersIntroductionManynaturalprocessesinvolveanelementofrandomchoice:weatherpatterns,spreadofdisease,andinheritanceofcertainbiologicaltraits.Engineeredprocessesarealsofrequentlyrandom,forinstancelotteriesandothergamesofchance.Mathemati

2、ciansmodelsuchprocessesbydefiningnumericvariablestostandfortherandomquantitiesofinterest.ThetechniqueofassigningrandomnumberstothesevariablesiscalledMonteCarlosimulation.OurgoalinthislabistostudysimpleMonteCarloproblemsthatcanbesolvedwithshortJavaprograms.WhenusingacomputerlanguagelikeJavato

3、performaMonteCarlosimulation,you’llneedthecomputertogeneraterandomnumbers.Thatis,insteadofassigningvariablevalueswithinthecodeorfromtheuser,you’llcreateaRandomobjectwhichhasmethodsforreturningrandomnumbersinadesignatedrange.Todothisyouwillneedtoimportthejava.util.Randomlibrary.Technically,th

4、evaluesreturnedbytheRandomobjectaren’trandominamathematicalsense,butratheraregeneratedbyacomplexalgorithminvolvingthesystem’sinternaltimerepresentation.Howevertheyarerandominthesensethatthereisanevenprobabilityofgettinganygivennumberinthedesignatedrangeandtherearenodetectablepatternstotheord

5、erinwhichnumbersaregenerated.HereishowyouwouldcreateaRandomobjectnamedrand:Randomrand=newRandom();Andherearetwodifferentmethodsyoucouldusetomakeitreturnarandomnumberbetween0and9.Ineachcasetheresultisbeingstoredinanintegervariablecallednum.num=rand.nextInt(10);//Rangesizeis10beginningwith0num

6、=rand.nextInt(9999)%10;Ifyouwantthesetofpossiblenumberstostartwithanyvalueotherthan0,yousimplyaddthedesiredstartingvaluetothereturnedrandomvalue.Forexample,bothofthefollowingstatementsassignnumarandomnumberbetween1and10.num=rand.nextInt(10)+1;//Rangesizeis10beginningwith1num=rand.nextInt(999

7、9)%10+1;Eitherofthefollowingstatementswouldassignnumarandomvaluebetween-10and-5(arangeof6numbers).num=rand.nextInt(6)-10;//Rangesizeis6beginningwith-10num=rand.nextInt(9999)%6-10;ForPracticeWritestatementstogeneraterandomintegervalueswithineachofth