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1、WhyMarxWasRightWhyMarxWasRightTERRYEAGLETONNewHaven&LondonPublishedwithassistancefromtheLouisSternMemorialFund.Copyright∫2011byYaleUniversity.Allrightsreserved.Thisbookmaynotbereproduced,inwholeorinpart,includingillustra-tions,inanyform(beyondthatcopyingpermittedbySections107and108oftheU.S.Co
2、pyrightLawandexceptbyreviewersforthepublicpress),withoutwrittenpermissionfromthepublishers.YaleUniversityPressbooksmaybepurchasedinquantityforeducational,business,orpromotionaluse.Forinformation,pleasee-mailsales.press@yale.edu(U.S.office)orsales@yaleup.co.uk(U.K.office).DesignedbyJamesJ.Johnso
3、nandsetinGranjonRomantypebyKeystoneTypesetting,Inc.PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica.LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationDataEagleton,Terry,1943–WhyMarxwasright/TerryEagleton.p.cm.Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.isbn978-0-300-16943-0(hardcover:alk.paper)1.Marx,Karl,1818–1883.2
4、.Communism.3.Capitalism.I.Title.hx39.5e2342011335.4—dc222010041471AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary.ThispapermeetstherequirementsofANSI/NISOZ39.48–1992(PermanenceofPaper).10987654321ForDomandHadiContentsPrefaceixChapterOne1ChapterTwo12ChapterThree30ChapterFour64Chapt
5、erFive107ChapterSix128ChapterSeven160ChapterEight179ChapterNine196ChapterTen211Conclusion238Notes241Index251terryeagletonviiiPrefaceThisbookhaditsorigininasingle,strikingthought:WhatifallthemostfamiliarobjectionstoMarx’sworkaremistaken?Oratleast,ifnottotallywrongheaded,mostlyso?Thisisnottosug
6、gestthatMarxneverputafootwrong.Iamnotofthatleftistbreedthatpiouslyproclaimsthatevery-thingisopentocriticism,andthen,whenaskedtoproducethreemajorcriticismsofMarx,lapsesintotruculentsilence.ThatIhavemyowndoubtsaboutsomeofhisideasshouldbeclearenoughfromthisbook.Buthewasrightenoughofthetimeaboute
7、noughimportantissuestomakecallingoneselfaMarxistareasonableself-description.NoFreudianimaginesthatFreudneverblundered,justasnofanofAlfredHitch-ixcockdefendsthemaster’severyshotandlineofscreenplay.IamouttopresentMarx’sideasnotasperfectbutaspla