International network of cancer genome projects.pdf

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1、Vol464j15April2010jdoi:10.1038/nature08987PERSPECTIVESInternationalnetworkofcancergenomeprojectsTheInternationalCancerGenomeConsortium*TheInternationalCancerGenomeConsortium(ICGC)waslaunchedtocoordinatelarge-scalecancergenomestudiesintumoursfrom50differentcancertypesand/orsubtyp

2、esthatareofclinicalandsocietalimportanceacrosstheglobe.Systematicstudiesofmorethan25,000cancergenomesatthegenomic,epigenomicandtranscriptomiclevelswillrevealtherepertoireofoncogenicmutations,uncovertracesofthemutagenicinfluences,defineclinicallyrelevantsubtypesforprognosisandthe

3、rapeuticmanagement,andenablethedevelopmentofnewcancertherapies.1hegenomesofallcancersaccumulatesomaticmutations.incompletestudies;(3)lackofstandardizationacrossstudiescouldTheseincludenucleotidesubstitutions,smallinsertionsanddiminishtheopportunitiestomergeandcomparedatasets;(4)

4、theTdeletions,chromosomalrearrangementsandcopynumberspectrumofmanycancersisknowntovaryacrosstheworld;and(5)changesthatcanaffectprotein-codingorregulatorycom-aninternationalconsortiumwillacceleratethedisseminationofdataponentsofgenes.Inaddition,cancergenomesusuallyacquireso-setsa

5、ndanalyticalmethodsintotheusercommunity.maticepigenetic‘marks’comparedtonon-neoplastictissuesfromWorkinggroupswerecreatedtodevelopstrategiesandpoliciesthesameorgan,notablychangesinthemethylationstatusofcyto-thatwouldformthebasisforparticipationintheICGC.ThegoalsofsinesatCpGdinuc

6、leotides.theconsortium(Box1)werereleasedinApril2008(http://www.icgc.Asubsetofthesomaticmutationsincancercellsconfersoncogenicorg/files/ICGC_April_29_2008.pdf).Sincethen,workinggroupsandpropertiessuchasgrowthadvantage,tissueinvasionandmetastasis,initialmemberprojectshavefurtherre

7、finedthepoliciesandplansfor2angiogenesis,andevasionofapoptosis.Thesearetermed‘driver’internationalcollaboration.mutations.TheidentificationofdrivermutationswillprovideinsightsintocancerbiologyandhighlightnewdrugtargetsanddiagnosticBioethicalframeworktests.Knowledgeofcancermutati

8、onshasalreadyledtothedevelop-ICGCmembersagreedt