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1、应用生态学报2010年6月第21卷第6期ChineseJournalofAppliedEcology,Jun.2010,21(6):1603-16083不同稻作方式对稻田杂草群落的影响1,213311,21,21,21,2张丹闵庆文成升魁杨海龙何露焦雯珺刘珊12(中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101;中国科学院研究生院,北京100049)摘要运用半试验与调查相结合的方法,以贵州省从江县传统农业区的糯稻和杂交稻为例,研究了在水稻单作(R)、稻2鱼(R2F)和稻2鱼2鸭(R2F2D)3种不同稻作方式下稻田杂草群落的特征.结果表明:糯稻在3种稻作方式下
2、的抑制杂草能力均优于杂交稻;R2F2D显著降低了田间杂草的发生密度,对鸭舌草、节节菜等的抑制效果达到100%,总体抑制杂草效果显著优于其他稻作方式,杂草的物种丰富度及Shannon多样性指数显著降低,Pielou均匀度指数提高,表明群落物种组成发生了很大的改变,降低了原来优势杂草的发生,是一种较好的可达到抑制杂草效果的稻作方式.关键词稻作方式物种多样性均匀度相似性传统农业贵州省从江县文章编号1001-9332(2010)06-1603-06中图分类号S451文献标识码A1,2Effectsofdifferentricefarmingsystemsonpadd
3、yfieldweedcommunity.ZHANGDan,111,21,21,2MINQing2wen,CHENGSheng2kui,YANGHai2long,HELu,JIAOWen2jun,LIU1,21Shan(InstituteofGeographicSciencesandNaturalResourcesResearch,ChineseAcademyofSci22ences,Beijing100101,China;GraduateUniversityofChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing100049,China).2Ch
4、in.J.Appl.Ecol.,2010,21(6):1603-1608.Abstract:Takingthepaddyfieldsplantedwithglutinousriceandhybridriceinthetraditionalagri2culturalregioninCongjiangCountyofGuizhouProvinceasthecase,andbyusingsemi2experimentcombinedwithrandomsamplinginvestigation,thispaperstudiedthecharacteristicso
5、fweedcommu2nityinthepaddyfieldsunderricemonoculture(R),rice2fishculture(R2F),andrice2fish2duckculture(R2F2D).Underthethreericefarmingsystems,glutinousricehadhighercapabilityinin2hibitingweeds,comparedwithhybridrice.FarmingsystemR2F2Ddecreasedtheweeddensitysig2nificantly,withthecont
6、roleffectonMonochoiavaginalisandRotalaindicabeing100%.Theover2allweed2inhibitingeffectofR2F2Dwassignificantlyhigherthanthatoftheotherfarmingsystems.UnderR2F2D,thespeciesrichnessandShannondiversityindexofweedcommunitydecreasedmarkedly,whilethePielouevennessindexincreased,indicatingt
7、hatthespeciescompositionofweedcommunitychangedgreatly,andtheoccurrenceofnativedominantweedspeciesdecreased.ItwasconcludedthatR2F2Dwasafeasiblefarmingsystemforthecontrolofpaddyfieldweedcommu2nity.Keywords:ricefarmingsystem;speciesdiversity;evenness;similarity;traditionalagriculture;
8、CongjiangCountyofGuizhouPr
