c c++ r - c structures

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1、ccr2005@stat.harvard.eduC-C++-Rwww.stat.harvard.edu/˜ccr2005'$Structures•structuresarelikesetsinMathematics,canholddifferentthingstogether•delcaration:structMonteCarloSpecs{intn_iters;floattime_in_secs;floatprop_burn_in;};•usage:structMonteCarloSpecsmcs1;•accessthemembersofthestructur

2、e:mcs1.n_iters=100;mcs1.time_in_secs=5.0;mcs1.prop_burn_in=0.1;&%July6,2005c2005-GopiGoswami(goswami@stat.harvard.edu)Page1ccr2005@stat.harvard.eduC-C++-Rwww.stat.harvard.edu/˜ccr2005'$PointerstoStructures•consider:structMonteCarloSpecs*mcs1_ptr=NULL;mcs1_ptr=&mcs1;•so*mcs1_ptrissamea

3、smcs1•accessthemembersofthepointertothestructure:(*mcs1_ptr).n_iters=100;(*mcs1_ptr).time_in_secs=5.0;(*mcs1_ptr).prop_burn_in=0.1;•ashorthandfortheaboveoperation:mcs1_ptr->n_iters=100;mcs1_ptr->time_in_secs=5.0;mcs1_ptr->prop_burn_in=0.1;&%July6,2005c2005-GopiGoswami(goswami@stat.har

4、vard.edu)Page2ccr2005@stat.harvard.eduC-C++-Rwww.stat.harvard.edu/˜ccr2005'$Typedefs•shorthand:youcoulduseMonteCarloSpecsmcs1;ifyoudidstructMonteCarloSpecs{intn_iters;floattime_in_secs;floatprop_burn_in;};typedefstructMonteCarloSpecsMonteCarloSpecs;•sotypedefdefinesanewtypemuchliketheb

5、uilt-intypesint,doubleetc.•acompactversionfortheaboveis:typedefstructMonteCarloSpecs{intn_iters;floattime_in_secs;floatprop_burn_in;}MonteCarloSpecs;&%July6,2005c2005-GopiGoswami(goswami@stat.harvard.edu)Page3ccr2005@stat.harvard.eduC-C++-Rwww.stat.harvard.edu/˜ccr2005'$SelfReferentia

6、lStructuresI•acanonicalexampleofthisconceptisoneofsingly-linkedlist:typedefstructSLList{void*data;structSLList*next;}SLList;•onecouldalsosay:thisiscalledforwarddeclarationofastructureandispreferredoverthepreviousonebecausesometimes,forwarddeclarationsgoesintoaseparatefiletypedefstructS

7、LListSLList;structSLList{void*data;SLList*next;};&%July6,2005c2005-GopiGoswami(goswami@stat.harvard.edu)Page4ccr2005@stat.harvard.eduC-C++-Rwww.stat.harvard.edu/˜ccr2005'$SelfReferentialStructuresII•thereisamore-or-lessadvancedandpartiallywrittenprogramonourwebsiteinfileprog13.conthist

8、opic,