c-2 introduction

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1、FundamentalsofProgramming(C)MingtaoPeiSchoolofComputerSciencepeimt@bit.edu.cnLecture2IntroductionOutline2.1OverviewofC2.2BasicStructureofCProgram2.3EssentialElementsofC2.4ProgrammingProcess3Outline2.1OverviewofC2.2BasicStructureofCProgram2.3EssentialElementsofC2.4ProgrammingPro

2、cess4TheHistoryofC1967Martin.RichadsofCambridge:CPL→BCPL1970Ken·ThompsonofBellLaboratories:BCPL→B1972Dennis·RitchieofBellLaboratories:B→C1973K.Thompson&D.Ritchie:RewriteUNIXbyC1977UNIX&Carewidelyused5TheHistoryofC1978Thefamousbook《TheCProgrammingLanguage》ispublishedBythe

3、early1980s,CevolvedintoTraditionalCInthelate1980s,ANSIcreateddraftstandardsforANSICorstandardCIn1990,ISOacceptedANSICasISOstandardC6WhyC？Cisportable.CodewrittenononemachinecanbeeasilymovedtoanotherCisterseCismodularCisthebasisofC++andjavaCisefficientonmostmachines.Criti

4、cismofCComplicatedsyntaxNoautomaticarrayboundschecking7Outline2.1OverviewofC2.2BasicStructureofCProgram2.3EssentialElementsofC2.4ProgrammingProcess8ExampleCprogram9AnotherExample10BasicStructureofCProgram11BasicStructureofCProgramCprogramconsistsofoneofmorefunctionsThereiso

5、neandonlyonemainfunction“main()”ProgramexecutionalwaysstartswiththemainfunctionFunctionconsistsoftwoparts:headerandbodyHeaderincludesthename,typeandparametersofthefunctionBodyincludesthedefinitionofvariablesandstatements12BasicStructureofCProgramStatementsconsistofbasiccha

6、ractersandlexicalelementsaccordingtotheCsyntaxrules,endedbyasemicolon“；”OnecanwriteoneormorestatementsinonelineLower-caselettersareusuallyusedinStatementsCommentsarearbitrarystringsofsymbolsplacedbetweenthedelimiters/*and*/orbeginwith//andruntotheendoftheline13BasicStructure

7、ofCProgramConstantsStatement1Main()VariablesCStatement2……OperatorsProgram……Function_nExpressionsStatement_n……14Outline2.1OverviewofC2.2BasicStructureofCProgram2.3EssentialElementsofC2.4ProgrammingProcess15CharactersandLexicalElementsNumbers：0123456789Letters：abc……zABC……ZOper

8、ators：+-*/%=<><=>=!===<<>>&

9、∧~&&

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