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《中考英语词形变化归纳》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在应用文档-天天文库。
1、中考英语复习词形归纳一、名词的复数形式构成:1.以-f或-fe结尾的名词变复数 (1)加-s,如:cafes,giraffes (2)去f,fe加-ves,如: half-halves knife-knives leaf-leaves life-lives wolf-wolves thief-thieves self-selves wife-wives shelf-shelves 歌诀记忆:树叶(leaf)半数(half)自己(self)黄;妻子(wife)拿刀(knife)去割粮;架(shelf)后窜出一匹狼(wolf);
2、就像小偷(thief)逃命(life)亡。这9个名词变复数时,都要改-f(e)为v,再加-es,2.以-o结尾的名词,变复数 (1)加s,如:photo-photos piano-pianos radio-radios zoo-zoos kilo-kilos (2)加es,如:potato-potatoes tomato-tomatoes mangoes,Negro-Negroes hero-heroes 歌诀记忆:黑人(Negro)和英雄(hero)爱吃芒果、西红柿(tomato)和马铃薯(potato)。除了这五个以-o结尾
3、的名词加-es外,其余的以-o结尾的名词加-s。3.表示“国家”的名词变复数 Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese Englishman-EnglishmenFrenchman-Frenchmen Russian-RussiansIndian-IndiansCanadian-Canadians American-Americans 歌诀记忆:中(Chinese)日(Japanese)不变,英(Englishman)法(Frenchman)变,其余s加后面。4.以复数形式出现的名词 goods货物 t
4、rousers/pants/jeans/shorts裤子 clothes衣服glasses眼镜5.以s结尾,仍为单数的名词 (1)maths,politics,physics等学科名词,为不可数名词,是单数。 (2)news是不可数名词。 (3)theUnitedStates,theUnitedNations应视为单数。6.由man和woman构成的合成名词,两个构成部分都要变成复数 如:manworker-menworkers(男工人)womandoctor-womendoctors(女医生)7.以辅音字母+y结尾的名词,变
5、y为i再加-es。例如:baby-babies,city-cities,story-stories,party-parties,lady-ladies,diary-diaries,century-centuries copy-copiescountry,company,factory,family,memory,enemy,hobby,dictionary,university8.以s,x,ch,sh结尾的名词加-es,如:class-classes bus-buses,boss-bossesclass,glass,dress,box
6、-boxes,foxes, watch-watches speech-speeches,,beach-beaches church-churches,sandwiches,coaches,matches,inches,brush-brushesdishes,wishes,fishes9.其他不规则变化 man-men woman-women goose-geese foot-feet tooth-teethchild-children fish-fish deer-deer sheep-sheep mouse-micefisherm
7、an-fishermen,policeman,chairman,spaceman,postman,salesman,snowman 歌诀记忆:男人(man)女人(woman)a变e,鹅(goose)足(foot)牙(tooth)?oo变ee。孩子(child)加上ren,鱼(fish)鹿(deer) 绵羊(sheep)不用变。 [注]fish指鱼的种类时,要加上-es构成其复数;当指鱼的条数时,单复数同形;指鱼肉时,为不可数名词。二、代词(人称代词、物主代词、反身代词的构成)第一人称第二人称第三人称单数复数单数复数单数复数人称代词
8、主格Iweyouyouhe/she/itthey宾格meusyouyouhim/her/itthem物主代词形容词性myouryouryourhis/her/itstheir名词性mineoursyoursyourshi