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1、Unit14FiveTraitsoftheEducatedManAquestionoftenaskedis:"Whatarethemarksofaneducatedman?"Itisplainthatonemaygainnoinconsiderablebodyoflearninginsomespecialfieldofknowledgewithoutatthesametimeacquiringthosehabitsandtraitswhicharethemarksofaneducatedgentleman.Areasonableam
2、ountoflearningmustofcourseaccompanyaneducation,but,afterall,thatamountneednotbesoverygreatinanyonefield.Aneducationwillmakeitsmarkandfinditsevidencesincertaintraits,characteristics,andcapacitieswhichhavetobeacquiredbypatientendeavor,byfollowinggoodexamples,andbyreceivi
3、ngwisedisciplineandsoundinstructions.Thesetraitsorcharacteristicsmaybevariouslydescribedandclassified,butamongthemarefivethatshouldalwaysstandoutclearlyenoughtobeseenbyallmen.Thefirstoftheseiscorrectnessandprecisionintheuseofthemothertongue.Thequiteshockingslovenliness
4、andvulgarityofmuchofthespokenEnglish,aswellasnotalittleofthewrittenEnglish,whichonehearsandsees,provesbeyondperadventurethatyearsofattendanceuponschoolsandcollegesthatarethoughttoberespectablehaveproducednoimpression.WhenonehearsEnglishwellspoken,withpurediction,correc
5、tpronunciation,andanalmostunconsciouschoiceoftherightword,herecognizesitatonce.HowmucheasierhefindsittoimitateEnglishoftheothersort!Asecondandindispensabletraitoftheeducatedmanisrefinedandgentlemanners,whicharethemselvestheexpressionoffixedhabitsofthoughtandaction."Man
6、nersmaketheman,"wroteWykehamWilliamoverhisgatesatWinchesterandatOxford.Hepointedtoagreattruth.Whenmannersaresuperficial,artificial,andforced,nomatterwhattheirform,theyarebadmanners.When,however,theyarethenaturalexpressionoffixedhabitsofthoughtandaction,andwhentheyrevea
7、larefinedandcultivatednature,theyaregoodmanners.Therearecertainthingsthatgentlemendonotdo,andtheydonotdothemsimplybecausetheyarebadmanners.Thegentlemaninstinctivelyknowsthedifferencebetweenthosethingswhichhemayandshoulddoandthosethingswhichhemaynotandshouldnotdo.Athird
8、traitoftheeducatedmanisthepowerandhabitofreflection.Humanbeingsforthemostpartlivewhollyonthesurfaceoflife.Theydonotlo
