Absolute C++ 4th

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1、01_CH01.fmPage1Wednesday,August20,20032:21PM1C++Basics1.1INTRODUCTIONTOC++2OriginsoftheC++Language2C++andObject-OrientedProgramming3TheCharacterofC++3C++Terminology4ASampleC++Program41.2VARIABLES,EXPRESSIONS,ANDASSIGNMENTSTATEMENTS6Identifiers6Variables8Assig

2、nmentStatements10Pitfall:UninitializedVariables12Tip:UseMeaningfulNames13MoreAssignmentStatements13AssignmentCompatibility14Literals15EscapeSequences17NamingConstants17ArithmeticOperatorsandExpressions19IntegerandFloating-PointDivision21Pitfall:DivisionwithWh

3、oleNumbers22TypeCasting23IncrementandDecrementOperators25Pitfall:OrderofEvaluation271.3CONSOLEINPUT/OUTPUT28OutputUsingcout28NewLinesinOutput29Tip:EndEachProgramwithorendl30FormattingforNumberswithaDecimalPoint30Outputwithcerr32InputUsingcin32Tip:LineBreaks

4、inI/O341.4PROGRAMSTYLE35Comments351.5LIBRARIESANDNAMESPACES36LibrariesandincludeDirectives36Namespaces37Pitfall:ProblemswithLibraryNames38CHAPTERSUMMARY38ANSWERSTOSELF-TESTEXERCISES39PROGRAMMINGPROJECTS4101_CH01.fmPage2Wednesday,August20,20032:21PM1C++BasicsT

5、heAnalyticalEnginehasnopretensionswhatevertooriginateanything.Itcandowhateverweknowhowtoorderittoperform.Itcanfollowanalysis;butithasnopowerofanticipatinganyanalyticalrelationsortruths.Itsprovinceistoassistusinmakingavailablewhatwearealreadyacquaintedwith.Ada

6、Augusta,CountessofLovelaceINTRODUCTIONThischapterintroducestheC++languageandgivesenoughdetailtoallowyoutohandlesimpleprogramsinvolvingexpression,assignments,andcon-soleinput/output(I/O).Thedetailsofassignmentandexpressionsaresimi-lartothoseofmostotherhigh-lev

7、ellanguages.EverylanguagehasitsownconsoleI/Osyntax,soifyouarenotfamiliarwithC++,thatmaylooknewanddifferenttoyou.1.1IntroductiontoC++Languageistheonlyinstrumentofscience.SamuelJohnsonThissectiongivesanoverviewoftheC++programminglanguage.■ORIGINSOFTHEC++LANGUAG

8、ETheC++programminglanguagescanbethoughtofastheCprogramminglanguagewithclasses(andothermodernfeaturesadded).TheCprogram-minglanguagewasdevelopedbyDennisRitchieofAT&TBellLaboratoriesinthe19