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1、JonathanKatzandYehudaLindellIntroductiontoModernCryptographyc2007JonathanKatzandYehudaLindell.AllRightsReservedCRCPRESSBocaRatonLondonNewYorkWashington,D.C.PrefaceThisbookpresentsthebasicparadigmsandprinciplesofmoderncryptogra-phy.Itisdesignedtoserveasatextbookf
2、orundergraduate-orgraduate-levelcoursesincryptography(incomputerscienceormathematicsdepartments),asageneralintroductionsuitableforself-study(especiallyforbeginninggrad-uatestudents),andasareferenceforstudents,researchers,andpractitioners.Therearenumerousothercry
3、ptographytextbooksavailabletoday,andthereadermayrightlyaskwhetheranotherbookonthesubjectisneeded.Wewouldnothavewrittenthisbookiftheanswertothatquestionwereanythingotherthananunequivocalyes.Thenoveltyofthisbook
4、andwhat,inouropinion,distinguishesitfromallotherbook
5、scurrentlyonthemarket
6、isthatitprovidesarigoroustreatmentofmoderncryptographyinanaccessiblemannerappropriateforanintroductiontothetopic.Tobesure,thematerialinthisbookisdicult(atleastincomparisontosomeotherbooksinthisarea).Ratherthanshyawayfromthisdiculty,howeve
7、r,wehavechosentofaceithead-on,toleadthereaderthroughthedemanding(yetenthralling!)subjectmatterratherthanshieldthereader'seyesfromit.Wehopereaders(andinstructors)willrespondbytakingupthechallenge.Asmentioned,ourfocusisonmodern(post-1980s)cryptography,whichisdisti
8、nguishedfromclassicalcryptographybyitsemphasisonde nitions,preciseassumptions,andrigorousproofsofsecurity.Webrie
ydiscusseachoftheseinturn(theseprinciplesareexploredingreaterdetailinChapter1):Thecentralroleofde nitions:Akeyintellectualcontributionofmoderncrypto
9、graphyhasbeentherecognitionthatformalde nitionsofsecurityareanessential rststepinthedesignofanycryptographicprimitiveorprotocol.Thereason,inretrospect,issimple:ifyoudon'tknowwhatitisyouaretryingtoachieve,howcanyouhopetoknowwhenyouhaveachievedit?Aswewillseeinthis
10、book,cryptographicde nitionsofsecurityarequitestrongand
11、at rstglance
12、mayappearimpossibletoachieve.Oneofthemostamazingaspectsofcryp-tographyisthat(undermildandwidely-b
