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1、.摘要本文针对工业含铝废水的处理与利用进行了大量的实验研究。实验中检测了工厂所排废水的基本性质，包括废水处理前后的铝离子含量和PH值等，主要运用化学沉淀法，经过中和、沉淀、过滤等操作使废水中的铝离子以氢氧化铝沉淀的方式脱离，然后将沉淀进行处理得到高纯度硫酸铝，使废水PH在6~9达到国家排放标准。该方法的实验原理主要是利用铝为两性金属，在不同的PH值的环境中得到的物质的存在方式不同，通过调节PH值，对其进行沉降、过滤而从滤液中分离。滤液经过测定各项指标，确定符合国家标准直接排放。分离后的固体经过酸处理制成硫
2、酸铝。本实验通过平行实验测出沉淀时的最佳PH值和反应时间等条件，同时对于不同种类的碱性试剂与废水反应所得到的实验结果进行分析，讨论其优缺点和得到沉淀的最好方式。本实验中采用的化学沉淀法具有操作简便，成本低廉，所得产品纯度高的特点。关键字：铝离子，化学沉淀，PH值，两性...AbstractInthisthesis,alotofexperimentswerecarriedouttosolvetheproblemofindustrialaluminizedwastewatertreatmentandutili
3、zation.Atpresent,alotofthecatalystusedinindustryispreciousmetalcatalystwhichaluminumoxideisasitscarrier.Therefore,wastewaterdischargecontainsalotofaluminumion.Ifthealuminacontainedwastewaterdischargesdirectly,itcancausecertainenvironmentalpollutionaswella
4、saseriouswasteofthealuminumresources.So,thetreatmentsofindustrialaluminum-containingwastewaterareofgreatsignificanceinimprovingourenvironmentpollutionaswellaspromotingsustainableindustrialdevelopment.Basicpropertiesoftheplanteffluentweretestedinthisexperi
5、ment,,includingaluminumioncontentandPHvaluebeforeandafterthewastewatertreatment,andchemicalprecipitationwasmainlyused,throughsedimentation,filtrationandotheroperationstomakealuminumhydroxideinthewastewaterprecipitatedoutinthisway,andthenprecipitationwaspr
6、ocessedtohigh-purityaluminumsulfate,andthePHofwastewaterwas6-9whichreachedthenationalemissionstandards.Inthismethod,attentionshouldbepaidtothatintheenvironmentdifferentPHvalue,thematerialexistindifferentwaysbecausealuminumisamphotericmetal.ByadjustingtheP
7、H,usingparallelexperimenttomeasurethebestPHvalue,thereactiontimeandsomeotherconditionswhenprecipitationappeared,thushighpurityaluminawasobtained.Atthesametime,theexperimentalresultswhichobtainedfromthereactionsofdifferentkindsofalkalinereagentsandwastewat
8、erwereanalyzed,anditsadvantagesanddisadvantagesaswellasthebestwaytogetprecipitationwerediscussed.Thischemicalprecipitationintheexperimentiseasytooperateandcostslow.Moreover,itsproductsareofhighpurity.Keyword:aluminu
