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时间:2019-03-02
《2013年高考英语二轮阅读理解归类复习-科普知识(详解)》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在应用文档-天天文库。
1、2013高考英语二轮阅读理解归类复习—科普知识AScientistsatRoyalHolloway,UniversityofLondonandQueenMary,UniversityofLondonhavediscoveredthatbeeslearntoflytheshortestpossibleroutebetweenflowerseveniftheydiscovertheflowersinadifferentorder.Beesareeffectivelysolvingthe“travelingsales
2、manproblem”,andtheyarethefirstcreaturesfoundtodothis.Thetravelingsalesmanmustfindtheshortestroutethatallowshimtovisitalllocationsonhisroute.Computerssolveitbycomparingthelengthofallpossibleroutesandchoosingtheshortest,anditcankeepcomputersbusyfordays.However
3、,beessolveitwithoutcomputerassistanceusingabrainthesizeofgrassseed.Dr.NigelRaine,fromtheSchoolofBiologicalSciencesatRoyalHollowayexplains,“Beessolvetravelingsalesmanproblemseveryday.Theyvisitflowersatmultiplelocationsandbecausebeesuselotsofenergytofly,theyfi
4、ndaroutewhichkeepsflyingtoaminimum.”Theteamusedthecomputertocontrolartificialflowerstotestwhetherbeeswouldfollowaroutedefinedbytheorderinwhichtheydiscoveredtheflowersoriftheywouldfindtheshortestroute.Afterexploringthelocationoftheflowers,beesquicklylearnedto
5、flytheshortestroute.Aswellasimprovingourunderstandingofhowbeesmovearoundthelandscapepollinatingcropsandwildflowers,thisresearch,whichisduetobepublishedinTheAmericanNaturalist,hasotherapplications.Ourlifestylereliesonnetworkssuchastrafficontheroads,informatio
6、nflowontheWebandbusinesssupplychains.Byunderstandinghowbeescansolvetheirproblemswithsuchatinybrain,wecanimproveourmanagementoftheseeverydaynetworkswithoutneedinglotsofcomputertime.Dr.Raineadds,“Despitetheirtinybrainsbeesarecapableofextraordinaryfeatsofbehavi
7、or.Weneedtounderstandhowtheycansolvethetravelingsalesmanproblemwithoutacomputer.”Note:pollinatevt.授粉 1.Whatwouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.BeeshelpsalesmentravelB.TroybrainedbeessolveacomplexmathematicalproblemC.HowbeesdiscovertheflowersD
8、.Howtosolvethe“travelingsalesmanproblem”2.Wemayinferfromthesecondparagraphthatthe“travelingsalesmanproblem”________.A.canbesolvedbyacomputereasilyB.can'tevenbesolvedbyacomputerC.canpuzzlebothpeo
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