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1、LiquidatedAJOHNHOPEFRANKLINCENTERBOOKKARENHOLiquidatedANETHNOGRAPHYOFWALLSTREETDukeUniversityPressDurhamandLondon2009∫2009DukeUniversityPressAllrightsreserved.PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmericaonacid-freepaper$DesignedbyC.H.WestmorelandTypesetinChaparralbyK
2、eystoneTypesetting,Inc.LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationDataappearonthelastprintedpageofthisbook.Formydaughterandson,MiraandAugust,inthehopethattheirgenerationwillseegreatersocioeconomicequality.ContentsacknowledgmentsixIntroduction:AnthropologyGo
3、estoWallStreet1BiographiesofHegemony:TheCultureof∞SmartnessandtheRecruitmentandConstructionofInvestmentBankers39WallStreet’sOrientation:Exploitation,≤Empowerment,andthePoliticsofHardWork73WallStreetHistoriographiesandtheShareholder≥ValueRevolution122TheNeo
4、classicalRootsandOriginNarrativesof∂ShareholderValue169DownsizersDownsized:JobInsecurityand∑InvestmentBankingCorporateCulture213LiquidLives,CompensationSchemes,andthe∏Makingof(Unsustainable)FinancialMarkets249LeveragingDominanceandCrisesπthroughtheGlobal29
5、5notes325references353index369AcknowledgmentsAnintellectualcommitmenttosocialandeconomicjusticefirstgalvanizedthisbook’sjourney.MysearchtounderstandthemassiveseachangesoccurringinAmericanbusinesspracticesduringthepastthreedecadestookmetothedoorstepofWallStr
6、eetinvestmentbanks,anunconven-tionalsiteforanthropologicalresearch.Thisprojectfoundachampioninmygraduateadvisor,EmilyMartin,duringatimewhenstudyingcentersofpowerwithintheUnitedStateswasstillunchartedterritoryformostanthropologists.Istillrememberhow,afterIw
7、asofferedajobataninvestmentbank,IcalledEmilyinapanicasWallStreetdemandedmyimmediateresponse,leavingmelittletimetothinkthroughhowtonego-tiateajobwithpotentialfieldwork.Hervoiceregisteredexcitementandconcernsimultaneously,andsheknewinstinctivelywhatIshoulddo.
8、‘‘Takeit,’’sheanswered,sensingtheopportunityandtrustingmyethno-graphicandethicalsensibilities.Uponacceptingthejob,Itookaleaveofabsencefromgraduateschoolandinformedmycoworkersofmyfutureresearchintentions.Despi