ModernAppliedStatisticsWithS(Ripley，4ed).pdf

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1、ModernAppliedStatisticswithSFourtheditionbyW.N.VenablesandB.D.RipleySpringer(mid2002)Final15March2002PrefaceSisalanguageandenvironmentfordataanalysisoriginallydevelopedatBellLaboratories(ofAT&TandnowLucentTechnologies).Itbecamethestatisti-cianscalculatorforthe1990s,al

2、lowingeasyaccesstothecomputingpowerandgraphicalcapabilitiesofmodernworkstationsandpersonalcomputers.Variousimplementationshavebeenavailable,currentlyS-PLUS,acommercialsystemfromtheInsightfulCorporation1inSeattle,andR,2anOpenSourcesystemwrit-tenbyateamofvolunteers.Both

3、canberunonWindowsandarangeofUNIX/Linuxoperatingsystems:RalsorunsonMacintoshes.Thisisthefourtheditionofabookwhichfirstappearedin1994,andtheSenvironmenthasgrownrapidlysince.Thisbookconcentratesonusingthecurrentsystemstodostatistics;thereisacompanionvolume(VenablesandRipl

4、ey,2000)whichdiscussesprogrammingintheSlanguageinmuchgreaterdepth.SomeofthemorespecializedfunctionalityoftheSenvironmentiscoveredinon-linecomplements,additionalsectionsandchapterswhichareavailableontheWorldWideWeb.ThedatasetsandSfunctionsthatweusearesuppliedwithmostSe

5、nvironmentsandarealsoavailableon-line.Thisisnotatextinstatisticaltheory,butdoescovermodernstatisticalmethod-ology.Eachchaptersummarizesthemethodsdiscussed,inordertosetoutthenotationandtheprecisemethodimplementedinS.(Itwillhelpifthereaderhasabasicknowledgeofthetopicoft

6、hechapter,butseveralchaptershavebeensuc-cessfullyusedforspecializedcoursesinstatisticalmethods.)OuraimisrathertoshowhowweanalysedatasetsusingS.IndoingsoweaimtoshowbothhowScanbeusedandhowtheavailabilityofapowerfulandgraphicalsystemhasalteredthewayweapproachdataanalysis

7、andallowspenetratinganalysestobeperformedroutinely.Oncecalculationbecameeasy,thestatisticiansenergiescouldbedevotedtounderstandinghisorherdataset.ThecoreSlanguageisnotverylarge,butitisquitedifferentfrommostotherstatisticssystems.Wedescribethelanguageinsomedetailinthefi

8、rstthreechap-ters,buttheseareprobablybestskimmedatfirstreading.Oncethephilosophyofthelanguageisgrasped,itsconsistencyandlogic