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1、THERISEOFTHEROMANEMPIADVISORYTheGreekstatesmanandhistorianPOLYBIUS(C.200-118B.C.)playedaprominentpartintheAchaeanLeague,whichstrovetomaintainafriendlybutindependentpolicytowardstheRomans.AfterthedefeatofMacedonin168B.C.,PolybiuswasremovedtoRomeforinde7nitedetentio
2、nonpoliticalgrounds.TherehemetScipioAemilianus,asonoftheconquerorofMacedon,andbecametheyoungman’sfriendandadviser.ThisgavePolybiusentrytothearistocraticSdpieniccircleandthefreedomofmovementtovisitAfrica,SpainandGaul.In150B.C.hisdetentionendedandhereturnedtoGreece,
3、butheremainedcloselyassociatedwithScipioandaccompaniedhimtoCarthageintheThirdPunicWar.Polybiusdrewuponavarietyofwrittenandoralsourceswhicharenolongeridenti7able,aswellasemployingdocumentaryevidence,suchasthetreatiesbetweenRomeandCarthage.Hisaimwaspartlytoassessthe
4、achievementofdieRomandominationandpartlytowriteahistoryofpracticalbene7ttofuturestatesmen.Forthelatterpurposeheinsistedthatdiehistorianmusthimselfhaveparticipatedinwarandpoliticsat7rsthand.Asaworkofscienti7chistory,writtenbyamanofgreatintelligencewhocommandedawide
5、experienceofpoliticalandmilitarya=airs,andwhoislargelyfreefromnationalprejudicesanddedicatedtothesearchfortruth,itisofinestimablevalue.FRANKW.WALBANKwaseducatedatBradfordGrammarSchoolandPeterhouse,Cambridge,whereheisnowanHonoraryFellow.HeisapastPresidentoftheClass
6、icalAssociationandoftheRomanSociety,andaFellowoftheBritishAcademy.HewassuccessivelyProfessorofLatinandofAncientHistoryandClassicalArchaeologyintheUniversityofLiverpoolforthirty-oneyears.HispublishedworksincludeTheAwfulRevolution(1969),Polybius(1972),AHistoricalCom
7、mentaryonPolybius(threevolumes;1957,1967and1979),TheHellenisticWorld(1981),SelectedPapers(1985)andnumerousarticlesandreviews.IANSCOTT-KILVERTstudiedClassicsatHarrowandCaiusCollege,Cambridge,andwasGeneralEditoroftheWritersandTheirWorkseriesfortheBritishCouncil.Hetr
8、anslatedPlutarch’sTheRiseandFallofAthens,MakersofRome:NineLivesandTheAgeofAlexanderforthePenguinClassics.Hediedin1989.POLYBIUSTHERISEOFTH***TRANSLATEDBY
