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1、EngineeringFailureAnalysis16(2009)2325–2332ContentslistsavailableatScienceDirectEngineeringFailureAnalysisjournalhomepage:www.elsevier.com/locate/engfailanalFailureinvestigationonrearwaterwalltubeofboilerab,*abbbJ.Ahmad,J.Purbolaksono,L.C.Beng,A.Z.Rashid,
2、A.Khinani,A.A.AliaKaparEnergyVenturesSdnBhd,JalanTokMuda,Kapar42200,MalaysiabDepartmentofMechanicalEngineering,UniversitiTenagaNasional,Km7JalanKajang-Puchong,Kajang43009,Selangor,MalaysiaarticleinfoabstractArticlehistory:Thispaperpresentsfailureinvestiga
3、tionontheSA210-A1rearwaterwalltubebyvisualReceived4February2009siteinspection,tubewallthicknessmeasurementsandmicroscopicexamination.TherearReceivedinrevisedform7March2009waterwalltubehasfailedwithwideopenburstandwassituatedattheboilernoselowerAccepted7Ma
4、rch2009bentregion.On-sitewallthicknessmeasurementswereperformedonalltherearwaterAvailableonline16March2009walltubeslocatedatthesameleveloftherupturedtube.Thetubeswereobservedtohaveexperiencedsignificantwallthinning.Microscopicexaminationsonthefailedrupture
5、Keywords:regionandsomedistanceawayregionoftheas-receivedtubesarealsoconductedinorderRearwaterwalltubetosupportindeterminingthefailuremechanismandfailurerootcause.Failuremecha-FailureanalysisFly-ashnismsarediscussedandthefindingsobtainedfromthesiteinspectio
6、n,wallthicknessmea-Visualinspectionsurements,microscopicexaminationsandcreepanalysesmayfinallyrevealthefailureWallthinningmechanismandmainrootcauseofthefailure.Thefailuremechanismisidentifiedasaresultofthecombinationofthesignificantlocalizedwallthinningofthe
7、rearwaterwalltubeduetofly-asherosionandathermallyactivatedprocessofcreepproblemduetoincreasingoftemperatures.Ó2009ElsevierLtd.Allrightsreserved.1.IntroductionFailuresinboilertubeshavebeendiscussedandsummarizedinRefs.[1,2].AsreportedinRef.[1],erosionisliste
8、dintoptenfailurecauses,andbasedonsamplessubmittedtoDavisN.FrenchInc.,itgives6.5%oftheallthefailurecauses.Accord-ingtothefailuresbylocation,waterwalltubesarethesecondhighestfailurelocationaftersuperheatertubes.Howeve
