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1、AnewlookatmetaphoricalcreativityincognitivelinguisticsZOLTÁNKÖVECSES*AbstractWheredowerecruitnovelandunconventionalconceptualmaterialsfromwhenwespeak,thinkandactmetaphorically,andwhy?Thisquestionhasbeenpartiallyansweredinthecognitivelinguisticliteraturebut,inmyview,acruci
2、alaspectofithasbeenleftoutofconsiderationornotdealtwithinthedepthitdeserves:itistheeffectofvariouskindsofcontextonmetaphoricalconceptualization.Ofthese,Iexaminethefollowing:(1)theimmediatephysicalsetting,(2)whatweknowaboutthemajorentitiesparticipatinginthediscourse,(3)the
3、immediateculturalcontext,(4)theimmediatesocialsetting,and(5)theimmediatelinguisticcontextitself.Isuggestthatwerecruitconceptualmaterialsformetaphoricalpurposesnotonlyfrombodilyexperiencebutalsofromallofthesevariouscontexts.Sincethecontextscanbehighlyvariable,themetaphorsu
4、sedwilloftenbevariable,novel,andunconventional.Thephenomenoncanbeobservedinbotheverydayformsoflanguageandliterarytexts.Keywords:metaphor,metaphoricalcreativity,motivation,context,pressureofcoherence,embodiment,discourse*Addressforcorrespondence:DepartmentofAmericanStudies
5、,EötvösLorándUniversity,Bu-dapest,Hungary.E-mail:zkovecses@ludens.elte.huAcknowledgements:IwanttothankthethreeanonymousreviewersandoneoftheassociateeditorsforCognitiveLinguisticsfortheirextremelyhelpfulandconstructivecriticismofthisarticle.Partoftheresearchforthisworkwasc
6、onductedattheInstituteofAdvancedStudy,DurhamUniversity,England,whereIwasdistinguishedfellowforthreemonthsin2008.MygratitudegoestoAndreasMusolff,DavidCowling,AshAmin,andPatrickO’Mearaforinvitingmeandprovidingidealworkingcondi-tions.IalsothankmycolleaguesEnikőBollobásandRék
7、aBenczesforhelpofallsortswiththispaperandmystudentsEszterNuczandTamásTímárfortheirhelpwiththeresearchonpoetry.CognitiveLinguistics21–4(2010),663–6970936–5907/10/0021–0663DOI10.1515/COGL.2010.021©WalterdeGruyter664Z.Kövecses1.IntroductionThegeneralissueIaddressinthispaperi
8、sasfollows:Wheredowerecruitconceptualmaterialsfromwhenwespeak,thinkandactmetaphorically,andwhy?T
