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1、LINGUISTICFUNCTIONANDLITERARYSTYLE:AnInquiryintotheLanguageofWilliamGolding'sTheInheritorsM.A.K.HALLIDAYMyMAINCONCERN,inthispaper,iswithcriteriaofrelevance.This,itseemstome,isoneofthecentralproblemsinthestudyof"styleinlanguage":Imeantheproblemofdistinguishingbet
2、weenmerelinguisticregularity,whichinitselfisofnointeresttoliterarystudies,andregularitywhichissignificantforthepoemorproseworkinwhichwefindit.IrememberanentertainingpaperreadtothePhilologicalSocietyinCambridgesomeyearsagobyProfessorJohnSinclair,inwhichhedrewoura
3、ttentiontosomeverystrikinglinguisticpatternsdisplayedinthepoetryofWilliamMcGonagall,andinvitedtistosaywhy,ifthishighlystructuredlanguagewasfoundinwhatweallagreedwassuchverytrivialpoetry,weshouldbeinterestedinlinguisticregularitiesatall.'Itisnonewdiscoverytosayth
4、atpatterninlanguagedoesnotbyitselfmakeliterature,stillless"goodliterature":nothingismoreregularthantherhythmofThreeBlindMice,andifthisistrueofphonologicalregularitiesitislikelytobetruealsoofsyntacticones.Butwelackgeneralcriteriafordeterminingwhetheranyparticular
5、instanceoflinguisticprominenceislikelytobestylisticallyrelevantornot.Thisisnotasimplematter,andanydiscussionofitisboundtotouchonmorethanonetopic,orattheleastto~more..lhan...one.angle-oL~vi~Moreoverthelineofapproachwilloften,inevitably,beindirect,andrthecentralco
6、ncernmayattimesbelostsightofroundsomeofthecorners.Itseemstomenecessary,firstofall,todiscussandtoemphasizetheplaceofsemanticsinthestudyofstyle;andthisinturnwillleadtoaconsidera•tionof"functional"theoriesoflanguageandtheirrelevanceforthestudentofliterature.Atthesa
7、metimethesegeneralpointsneedtobeexemplified;LINGUISTICFUNCTIONANDLITERARYSTYLEandhereIhaveallowedtheillustrationtotakeoverthestage:whenIre•examinedforthispurposeanovelIhadfirststudiedsomefouryearsago,TheInheritorsbyWilliamGolding,thereseemedtobemuchthatwasofinte
8、restinitsownright,"Idonotthinkthereisanyantithesisbetweenthe"textual"andthe"theoretical"inthestudyoflanguage,soIhopetheeffectofthismaybetostrengthenratherthantoweaken
