胡适《诗经》新解对传统的继承与创新以〈周南新解〉为论

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1、臺北大學中文學報第11期101年3月頁235～272235胡適《詩經》新解對傳統的繼承與創新──以〈周南新解〉為論朱孟庭摘要五四運動中，胡適等人在「民族主義」（nationalism）的驅動下，從事《詩經》新解，再創傳統以符合時代的需求，不免有過激之論、荒謬之解，或激烈地反傳統之論，後人多以此做為胡適《詩經》新解的整體評價，然事實上恐非如此。〈周南新解〉為胡適有計畫從事《詩經》新解的主要成果，本文首先分析胡適新解《詩經》的理念，再運用歸納、分析、統計的手法，深入檢視〈周南新解〉在「注釋」與「說解」方面的實際表現，發

2、現其對舊說依循的比例，注《詩》有七成，解《詩》有五成五，可見其在新解的實踐上並非全盤地反傳統；而可商榷處，注《詩》有一成，解《詩》有五成五，可見其所做的新解並非全為謬說，與其宣揚的主張有所出入。此些理念與實踐的差距，或者即是其未能完成《詩經新解》的諸多原因之一。關鍵詞：胡適、詩經、周南新解、民族主義收件日期：2011/11/30；修改日期：2012/03/28；接受日期：2012/03/31國立臺北大學中國文學系專任副教授236臺北大學中文學報第11期TheInheritanceandInnovationfromT

3、raditioninShihHu’sReinterpretationoftheBookofOdes–OntheReinterpretationofJueNanChuMeng-TingAbstractShihHuandothers,motivatedbytheChinesenationalism,reinterpretedtheBookofOdesduringthe“May4thMovement.”Theaimwastocreateamodernmeaningforthetraditionalliterature.T

4、hereinterpretationinevitablycontainsacute,andevenfallacious,argumentsagainstthetradition,andhenceisunjustlyunderratedbymostcriticsofthelatergenerations.“ReinterpretationofJueNan”isamasterpieceofHuabouttheBookofOdes.ThisarticlefirstanalyzestheideologyofHuintermsof

5、thereinterpretationeffort.Itthenappliesthemethodsofinduction,analysis,andstatisticstoexploretheelementsofnotationsandcommentarywithinthe“ReinterpretationofJueNan”respectively.TheresultsshowthatinHu’sarticle,aboutseventypercentofthenotations,andfifty-fivepercentof

6、thecommentaryareincongruencewiththeoriginalcontentoftheBookofOdes.Moreover,onlytenpercentofthenotationsandfifty-fivepercentofthecommentaryaresomewhatquestionable.Inotherwords,itisevidentthatHu’sreinterpretationsarenotallmistakenasclaimedbysomereviewers.Moreover,h

7、isworkisnottotallyagainstthetradition,whichissomewhatdifferentfromwhatHuclaimedtoachieve.ThegapbetweentheideologyandpracticeofHumayjustbeoneofthereasonswhyhedidnotfinishtheReceived:November30,2011;Sentoutforrevision:March28,2012;Accepted:March31,2012AssociateP

8、rofessor,TheDepartmentofChineseLiterature,NationalTaipeiUniversity胡適《詩經》新解對傳統的繼承與創新──以〈周南新解〉為論237reinterpretationoftheBookofOdes.Keywords:ShihHu,theBookofOdes,