河南专升本英语阅读理解部分

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1、阅读理解第一部分　　(一)　　Therateofpopulationgrowthisfastestinunderdevelopedcountries.Inthesecountriesahighbirthrateisaccompaniedbyalowereddeathratethankstoimprovedstandardsofpublichealth.Ideallyitshouldbepossibletocounterbalancetheeffectofareduceddeathratebyanincreaseduseoffamilyplanning.Inpra

2、ctice,however,populationcontrolisacomplexmatter.Throughouthistorypeoplehavedeterminedthesizeoftheirfamiliesaccordingtotheculturalvaluesoftheirsocieties.　　Populationcontrolhaslongbeenasubjectofdiscussionamongresearchers.Somehavearguedthatthesupplyofgoodlandislimited.Inordertofeedalarg

3、epopulation,badlandmustbecultivatedandthegoodlandoverworked.Asaresult,eachpersonproduceslessinagivenamountoftimeandthismeansaloweraverageincomethancouldbeobtainedwithasmallerpopulation.Otherresearchershavearguedthatalargepopulationgivesmorescopeforthedevelopmentoffacilitiessuchasspor

4、ts,roadsandrailways,whicharenotlikelytobebuiltunlessthereisabigdemandtojustifythem.Similarly,itcanbearguedthatthepubliccostsofsocietywillnotbesoheavytoeachindividualiftheyaresharedamongthemembersofalargepopulation.　　Oneofthedifficultiesinimplementingbirthcontrolliesinthefactthattheof

5、ficialattitudestopopulationgrowthvaryfromcountrytocountry.Inunderdevelopedcountrieswherealargepopulationispressingharduponthelimitsoffood,spaceandnaturalresources,itwillbethefirstconcernofgovernmenttoplacealimitonthebirthrate.Inawelldevelopedsocietytheproblemmaybemorecomplex.Adeclin

6、ingbirthratemayleadtounemploymentbecauseitresultsinashrinkingmarket.Citieswithadecliningpopulationmayhavetofacetheprospectofashrinkingtaxbaseandafallinlandvalues.Iftherearefewerchildrengoingtoschool,teachersmaybethrownoutofwork.Whenthepressureofpopulationonhousingdeclines,pricesalsod

7、eclineandthebuildingindustryisweakened.Facedwithconsiderationssuchasthese,thegovernmentofadevelopedcountrymaywellprefertoseeaslowlyincreasingpopulation,ratherthanonewhichisstableorindecline.　　人口增长速度最快的是在欠发达国家。在这些高出生率降低死亡率由1由于公众健康水平提高伴随着国家。理想情况下应该可以对付由计划生育增加使用平衡降低死亡率的效果。然而在实践中，人口控制是一个

8、复杂的问题。纵观历史的人