Fermi Liquid.pdf

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1、Landau'sFermiLiquidConcepttotheExtreme:thePhysicsofHeavyFermionsProf.ThomasPruschkeXVITrainingCourseinthePhysicsofStronglyCorrelatedSystems,Salerno,Fall2011Contents1Thehomogeneouselectrongas51.1Basicconcetps..............................61.2Groundstate

2、properties.........................71.3EvaluationofkÑ-sums{DensityofStates..............91.4Excitedstatesoftheelectrongas...................101.5Finitetemperatures...........................112Fermiliquidtheory152.1Beyondtheindependentelectronapproxima

3、tion..........162.2Landau'sFermiliquidtheory......................183HeavyFermions353.1Introductoryremarks..........................363.2ConnectionofHeavyFermionsandKondoeect..........373.3Somefundamentalresults........................383.4ThelocalFer

4、miliquid..........................433.5HeavyFermions-arstattempt...................453.6DMFTtreatmentoftheperiodicKondomodel...........48iCONTENTSiiIntroductoryremarksIntroductoryremarksLandau'sFermiliquidisthefundamentalconceptinmodernsolidstatephysi

5、csandsetsthelanguageandnotionusedtocommunicateandinterpretphysi-calobservationsinsolids.WithintheFermiliquidtheory,electronsinsolidsaredescribedasnon-interactingquasi-particles,withsomeoftheirpropertieschangedascomparedtotheelectronsinfreespace.Mostofy

6、ouwillknowtheconceptoftheeectivemass,whichoftenissucienttoexplainawholebunchofdierentexperimentalndingsforagivenmaterial.Inaddition,newtypes"ofparticles,so-calledholes,appear,andbothareneededforaproperunderstandingoftheelectronicpropertiesofsoilds

7、.Usually,theelectronicpropertiesarecapturedratheraccuratelyintermsofwell-behavedquasi-particlesevenatelevatedtemperatures,andinteractionsonlyplayaroleinrenormalizingcertaincorrelationfunctions.However,therearematerials,whichshow(i)extremelystrongrenorm

8、alizationsoftheprop-ertiesofelectronsand(ii)wherethequasi-particlesdonotsurviveincreasingtemperaturetoomuch.Furthermore,thesecreaturesarerathersensitivetothetuningofmaterialparametersorotherexternalconditions,andonecanfrequentlyencounte