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1、TheCollapseofCivilityinRussia:TheYoungandAgedinaFailedSocietyRonaldE.Jones,AuburnUniversityatMontgomeryEmployingEdwardShils’paradigmofcenter-periphery,thesuccessfulfunctioningofwhichproduceshighlevelsofcivilityinasociety,ananalysisoftheagedandtheyoungsubsystemsintheformerSovietUnionan
2、dpresent-dayRussiaisprovided.Specifically,thecenter-peripheryrelationshipanditsdeteriorationistraceduptoandthroughthecollapseoftheformerSovietUnion.Thenegativeconsequencesofthisdeteriorationfortheyoungandold,andtheresultinglossofcivilityarealsodocumented.Theuseofthetermcivilitytoexpla
3、inthepredictableconsequencesofasocietythathasgenerallyfailedisadauntingtask.Themultitudinousmeaningsandnuancesofthetermcivilityinhibitanyefforttoapplytheterminameaningfulsociologicalsense.Still,tobeusefulasananalyticaltooltheconceptofcivilityshouldbeplacedwithinthenormalcontextofasoci
4、alstructurewithrealcomponentsofbehavior.Civility,however,asShils(1997,p.335)hasnoted...isanappreciationoforattachmenttotheinstitutionswhichconstitutecivilsociety.Itisanattitudeofattachmenttothewholeofsociety,toallitsstrataandsections.Itisanattitudeofconcernforthegoodoftheentiresociety
5、.Inotherwords,civilitytakesonmeaningwithinthecontextofsocialinstitutionsandtherelationshipsofsociety’smemberstothoseinstitutions,andinturncivilityarticulatesandexplainstherelationshipofsociety’smembers,throughthevariousinstitutions,tothecenter.Thecenterofasocietyconsistsofthesymbols,v
6、alues,andbeliefsthatgovernit.Itisalsoastructureofactivitiesandroleswithinanetworkofinstitutions.Membershipinthesocietyisconstitutedbytherelationshiptothiscentralzone(Shils1975,p.3).Thestrengthoftherelationshipbetweencenterandperipherygovernsthelevelofcivility.Whenthereisahighdegreeofa
7、uthoritymaintenancebetweencenteranditsperipheralcomponents,asocietywilldemonstrateahighlevelofcivility.Ontheotherhand,whenthereisasubstantialfailureofthecentertomaintainauthorityovertheperipherythencivilityreachesalowebb(Shils1982,p.97).Civilityshouldalsobeconsideredasamodeofpolitical
8、actio
