Quantum_Universe_GR.pdf

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1、QUANTUMUNIVERSETHEREVOLUTIONIN21STCENTURYPARTICLEPHYSICSDOE/NSFHIGHENERGYPHYSICSADVISORYPANELQUANTUMUNIVERSECOMMITTEEQUANTUMUNIVERSETHEREVOLUTIONIN21STCENTURYPARTICLEPHYSICSWhatdoes“QuantumUniverse”mean?Todiscoverwhattheuniverseismadeofandhowitworksisthechallengeofparticlephysics.QuantumUniverse

2、presentsthequesttoexplaintheuniverseintermsofquantumphysics,whichgovernsthebehaviorofthemicroscopic,subatomicworld.Itdescribesarevolutioninparticlephysicsandaquantumleapinourunderstandingofthemysteryandbeautyoftheuniverse.DOE/NSFHIGHENERGYPHYSICSADVISORYPANELQUANTUMUNIVERSECOMMITTEEQUANTUMUNIVER

3、SECOMMITTEEMEMBERSANDREASALBRECHTEDWARDKOLBUniversityofCaliforniaatDavisFermilabUniversityofChicagoSAMUELARONSONBrookhavenNationalLaboratoryJOSEPHLYKKENFermilabKEITHBAKERHamptonUniversityHITOSHIMURAYAMAThomasJeffersonNationalAcceleratorFacilityInstituteforAdvancedStudy,PrincetonUniversityofCalif

4、ornia,BerkeleyJONATHANBAGGERJohnsHopkinsUniversityHAMISHROBERTSONUniversityofWashingtonNEILCALDERStanfordLinearAcceleratorCenterJAMESSIEGRISTStanfordUniversityLawrenceBerkeleyNationalLaboratoryUniversityofCalifornia,BerkeleyPERSISDRELL,CHAIRStanfordLinearAcceleratorCenterSIMONSWORDYStanfordUnive

5、rsityUniversityofChicagoEVALYNGATESJOHNWOMERSLEYUniversityofChicagoFermilabFREDGILMANCarnegieMellonUniversityJUDITHJACKSONFermilabSTEVENKAHNPhysicsDepartment,StanfordUniversityStanfordLinearAcceleratorCenterCONTENTSCONTENTSiiiEXECUTIVESUMMARY1IINTRODUCTION2IITHEFUNDAMENTALNATUREOFMATTER,ENERGY,S

6、PACEANDTIME4EINSTEIN’SDREAMOFUNIFIEDFORCES10THEPARTICLEWORLD15THEBIRTHOFTHEUNIVERSE20IIITOOLSFORASCIENTIFICREVOLUTION40IVCONCLUSION42VSUMMARYTABLES44CHARGETOTHECOMMITTEE46FACILITIESGLOSSARYiQUANTUMUNIVERSEiiPhotoCredit:FermilabEXECUTIVESUMMARYEXECUTIVESUMMARYWHATISTHENATUREOFTHEUNIVERSEANDWHATIS

7、ITMADEOF?WHATAREMATTER,ENERGY,SPACEANDTIME?HOWDIDWEGETHEREANDWHEREAREWEGOING?Throughouthumanhistory,scientifictheoriesandNow,inadevelopmentthatsomehavecomparedexperimentsofincreasingpowerandsophisticationtoCopernicus’srecogn