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1、JournalofMaterialsProcessingTechnology80±81(1998)149±155Three-dimensional®niteelementmodellingofatitaniumaluminideaerofoilforgingJ.W.Brooksa,*,T.A.Deanb,Z.M.Hub,E.WeycaDONCASTERS,28±30,DerbyRoad,Melbourne,DerbyshireDE731FE,UKbIRCinMaterialsforHighPerformanceApplications,SchoolofManufacturingandMecha
2、nicalEngineering,Uni6ersityofBirmingham,Edgbaston,BirminghamB152TT,UKcTrans6alorS.A.,LesEspacesDelta,80,BP037,06901Sophia-AntipolisCedex,FranceAbstractAerofoilsrepresentoneofthemoredif®cultproblemsforforgingmodellingusingthe®niteelementtechniqueduetothecomplexgeometriesinvolvedcombinedwiththenon-lin
3、earnatureoftheplasticityencounteredinrealmaterials.Theworkdescribedinthispapercoverstheincorporationofamaterial¯owstressmodelintotwo®niteelement(FE)codes(ABAQUSandFORGE-3)whichwerethenusedtosimulatetheforgingofagasturbineblade.Theresultsobtainedhavebeencomparedwithrealdatafromactualforgedcomponents.
4、Thematerialmodeldevelopeddescribesnotonlythe¯owsofteningbehaviouroftitaniumaluminideduringhotdeformationbutalsoallowsthemicrostructuralevolutiontobedetermined.TheresultsobtainedfrombothFEmodelsgavereasonablepredictionsoftheactualpressloadsandthecomponentshapewhilethemicrostructuralobservationswerein
5、goodagreementwiththemodelling.©1998ElsevierScienceS.A.Allrightsreserved.Keywords:Isothermalforging;Titaniumaluminides;Finiteelementmodelling;Flowstress;Constitutiveequations1.Introduction2.ExperimentalThereissigni®cantinteresting-titaniumaluminide2.1.Materialcomponentsforanumberofhightemperatureappl
6、ica-tions.ThemajorityofworkinthisareahasbeenThetestpiecesandpreformsweresparkmachinedcarriedoutusingas-castmaterial.However,therearefroma100mmdiameteringotcastintheRetechpotentialbene®tsinusingwroughtmaterialduetoplasmaarcmeltingfurnaceattheIRCBirminghamimprovedductility,betterfatigueperformanceande
7、n-University.TheanalysisisshowninTable1.Thetesthancedlongtermstability.Conventionalforging,usingpieceswerehomogenisedinavacuumfurnacefor24hcoldtoolsandhighstrainrates,isnotappropriateforat1300°Cwhilet
