TCL_Tutorial.pdf

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1、Tcl–ToolCommandLanguageAShortIntroductionAssembledbyAminShehataamins@synopsys.comNovember3,2000Contents1TclBasics11.1Scripts,commands,andwords.......................11.2Evaluatingacommand...........................11.3Variable,commandandbackslashsubstitutions..............21

2、.4Quotingandcomments..........................32Variables53Expressions63.1Operators.................................63.2Substitutions................................73.3Stringmanipulation............................73.4Typesandconversions...........................83.5Precis

3、ion..................................8i4Lists95ControlFlow106Procedures126.1Arguments.................................126.2Callbyreference..............................136.3Creatingnewcontrolstructures......................147StringManipulation147.1Glob-stylepatternmatching.

4、.......................157.2Patternmatchingwithregularexpressions.................157.3Usingregularexpressionsforsubstitutions.................177.4Formattedoutput.............................187.5Parsingstringswithscan..........................187.6Characterfunctions.......

5、.....................197.7Seachingandcomparison.........................197.8Length,caseconversion,andtrimming..................20ACollections21BResources24ii1TCLBASICS11TclBasicsTheTcllanguagehasNofixedgrammarisDefinedbytheinterpreter(parser)andpro-ceduresthatexecutecommandsa

6、ndisCasesensitive1.1Scripts,commands,andwordsTclisastring-based,interpretedcommandlanguage.Itssimplicityinsyntaxandcommonsensicalapproachtosemanticsmakesthisaneasylanguagetolearnandbecomeproficientin.Thisshorttutorialwillconcentrateonthemostbasicconceptstogetyoustartedasquick

7、lyaspossible.ATclscriptconsistsofoneormorecommands,separatedbynewlinesorsemicolons.commandarg1arg2arg3...Commandsarethebasicexecutionelements.Acommandisfollowedbyzeroormorewordswhichareparametersorarguments,eachseparatedbywhitespaceortabs.Example:putsstdout"MyfirstTclscript.

8、"⇒MyfirstTclscript.1.2EvaluatingacommandTwostepprocess:parsingandexecution.