纯苯化工原理课程设计-列管式换热器的设计

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1、列管式换热器的设计目录一丶设计任务·······························································二丶方案简介································································三丶方案设计································································1、确定设计方案························································

2、·····2、确定物性数据·····························································3、计算总传热系数···························································4、工艺结构尺寸·····························································5、换热器核算·······························································四丶设

3、计结果一览表··························································五丶设计总结····························································六丶参考文献································································附图·····································································列管式换热器的设计一丶设计

4、任务书设计一个换热器，将纯苯液体从45℃加热到80℃。纯苯的流量为1.3×104kg/h。加热介质采用的是具有200kPa的水蒸气。要求纯苯液体在换热器中的压降不大于30kPa，试设计或选择合适的管壳式换热器，完成该任务1.将纯苯液体从45℃加热到80℃。纯苯的流量为1.3×104kg/h2.加热介质采用的是具有200kPa的水蒸气3.纯苯液体在换热器中的压降不大于30kPa二丶方案简介1、概述换热器是化工、石油、食品及其他许多工业部门的通用设备，在生产中占有重要地位，由于生产规模、物料的性质、传热的要求等各不相同，估换热器的类型也是多种多样。按用途特可分为加热

5、器、冷却器、冷凝器、蒸发器和再沸器等，根据冷、热流体热量交换的原理和方式可分为三大类：混合式、蓄热式、间壁式。间壁式换热器的特点是冷、热流体被固定壁面间隔开，不想混合，通过间壁进行热量的交换。此类换热器中，以列管式应用最广。本设计任务是利用饱和水蒸气给纯苯加热。利用热传递过程中对流传热原则，制成换热器，以供生产需要。2、换热器类型列管式换热器又称为管壳式换热器，是最典型的间壁式换热器，主要分三大类：固定管板式、浮头式、U型管式。（1）固定管板式换热器结构简单，成本低，壳程检修和清洗困难，壳程必须是清洁、不易产生垢层和腐蚀的介质。（2）浮头式换热器结构较为复杂，成

6、本高，消除了温差应力，是应用较多的一种结构形式。（3）U型管式换热器结构简单，适用于高温和高压场合，但管内清洗不易，制造困难。三丶设计方案设计一个换热器，将纯苯液体从45℃加热到80℃。纯苯的流量为1.3×104kg/h。加热介质采用的是具有200kPa的水蒸气。要求纯苯液体在换热器中的压降不大于30kPa，试设计或选择合适的管壳式换热器，完成该任务。（一）确定设计方案（1）选择换热器的类型两流体温度变化情况：热流体进口温度45℃，出口温度80℃。热流体为饱和水蒸气，温度恒为Ts，查表得，200kPa的饱和水蒸气的饱和温度为Ts=120.2℃该换热器采用饱和水蒸

7、气冷凝放热来加热冷流体，管壁与壳壁温差较大，流体压强不高，初步确定选用固定管板式换热器，考虑到管壁与壳壁温差较大情况，因此，换热器应安装膨胀节，进行热补偿。（2）管程安排从流体流经管程或壳程的选择标准来看，纯苯液体有毒，为减少向环境泄露的机会，苯宜走管程；水蒸气较洁净，不会污染壳程，所以饱和蒸汽宜走壳程，以便及时排除冷凝液。综上所述，纯苯液体走管程，饱和水蒸气走壳程。（二）确定物性数据定性温度：可取流体进口温度的平均值。管程纯苯的定性温度为：壳程流体的定性温度为：Ts=120.2℃根据定性温度，分别查取壳程和管程流体的有关物性数据1）纯苯在62.5℃下的有关物性

8、数据如下：密度　　ρi=